GOALI/FRG: Layered Systems with Dynamically Evolving Structure

非技术描述：对能源的可用性、环境影响和成本对经济健康和社会福祉的日益关注为推进和发电系统的效率的实质性改进提供了强大的动力。 这些改进的关键是能够在更高温度下操作的材料系统，其集中体现为燃气涡轮机发动机中的多层工程表面。 一个跨学科的学术/工业团队旨在发展应对挑战所需的科学认识，并指导这一关键技术的进展。 重点是（i）在未来发动机预期的前所未有的条件下，以科学为基础发现具有必要性能和耐久性的材料，以及（ii）建立材料化学，结构和性能之间的关系，以实现材料设计和实施。 通过与领先的发动机制造商密切合作，科研成果对技术及其设计基础设施产生了直接和更直接的影响。该项目建立在学术和工业参与者之间建立的关系以及国际合作者网络的基础上，创造了一个特殊的教育环境，学生（i）研究具有重大技术影响潜力的科学挑战性问题，（ii）由该领域的学术和工业专家组成的跨学科团队指导，及（iii）有机会在工业实验室及国际机构进行研究实习。 该团队在促进大学生、女性和代表性不足的群体成员参与研究项目和国际经验方面有着良好的记录。技术支持：该项目的总体目标是建立一个以科学为基础的框架，以支持燃气涡轮机发动机的新材料系统的概念设计，并大幅提高效率。 研究的目的是（i）了解当前材料的局限性，以满足先进发动机技术的温度/性能目标，（ii）探索材料设计的新方向，以及（iii）开发实施所需的科学基础。 该战略的关键要素包括：（i）跨学科的，基于系统的方法，（ii）多相组成层的使用，旨在发展成为一个理想的配置，并保留功能在整个系统的生命周期，以及（iii）建模方法的发展，允许有效的评估概念和指导他们的实验验证。由于分层结构的化学和形态复杂性，需要新的计算工具来捕获和整合系统和各个层的动力学。 模拟与强大的实验活动相结合，以识别和解决设计，合成/加工和结构表征及其本构行为中的关键挑战。 设想在下列主题内取得科学进展：（i）多相氧化物和合金以及它们的界面在相关温度下的本构行为（ii）亚稳结构的合成和它们演变成具有所需属性的相组合，（iii）支撑所述演变的热力学、扩散和相变机制/动力学，（iv）由内部系统动力学和/或施加的热/机械刺激引起的应力对结构稳定性和损伤演化的作用，（v）探测系统状态及其在演化的各个阶段的性质的方法。 该项目通过以下方式为学生和博士后学者提供独特的教育经验：㈠直接学习如何在一个跨学科研究小组内工作，该小组侧重于关键技术背景下的一个科学主题; ㈡通过将精心设计的实习与工业团队成员的共同监督相结合，获得工业研究团队协议的知识;及（iii）参与与外国机构（澳大利亚、日本、德国及英国）的国际研究交流及专题研讨会。 资金来源：这个国家科学基金会项目由国际科学与工程办公室（OISE）的两个项目共同资助：（1）东亚和太平洋，（2）欧洲和欧亚;工程局和数学和物理科学局。

NON-TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: Mounting concerns about the availability, environmental impact and cost of energy on the economic health and well being of society provide strong motivation for substantial improvements in the efficiency of propulsion and power generation systems. Crucial to these improvements are material systems capable of higher temperature operation, epitomized by multi-layer engineered surfaces in gas turbine engines. An interdisciplinary academic/industry team aims to develop the scientific understanding needed to meet the challenge and guide progress in this critical technology. Emphasis is on (i) the science-based discovery of materials with the requisite performance and durability in the unprecedented conditions expected in future engines, and (ii) establishing the relationships between materials chemistry, structure and properties to enable materials design and implementation. By collaborating closely with a leading engine manufacturer, the outcomes of the scientific research have a direct and more immediate impact on technology and its design infrastructure. The project builds on established relationships between the academic and industrial participants and a network of international collaborators that create an exceptional educational environment where students (i) work on scientifically challenging problems with substantial potential for technological impact, (ii) are mentored by an interdisciplinary team of academic and industrial experts in the field, and (iii) have opportunities for research internships at industrial laboratories and international institutions. The team has an established record of promoting the participation of undergraduates, women and members of underrepresented groups in research projects and international experiences.TECHNICAL DETAILS: The overarching objective of this project is to establish a science-based framework for underpinning the conceptual design of new materials systems for gas turbine engines with substantially improved efficiency. The aims of the research are (i) to understand the limitations of current materials to meet the temperature/performance targets of advanced engine technology, (ii) to explore new directions in materials design, and (iii) to develop the science base needed for implementation. Key elements of the strategy include (i) an interdisciplinary, systems-based approach, (ii) the use of multiphase constituent layers designed to evolve readily into a desirable configuration and retain functionality over the life of the system, and (iii) the development of modeling approaches that allow efficient assessment of concepts and guide their experimental validation. Because of the chemical and morphological complexity of the layered architectures, novel computational tools are needed to capture and integrate the dynamics of the system and the individual layers. Simulations are coupled with a strong experimental activity to identify and solve the critical challenges in design, synthesis/processing, and characterization of the structures and their constitutive behavior. Scientific advances are envisaged within the following themes: (i) constitutive behavior of multiphase oxides and alloys, as well as their interfaces, at relevant temperatures (ii) synthesis of metastable structures and their evolution into phase assemblages with the desired attributes, (iii) the thermodynamics, diffusion and phase transformation mechanisms/kinetics underpinning said evolution, (iv) the role of stresses arising from the internal system dynamics and/or imposed thermal/mechanical stimuli on the structural stability and evolution of damage, (v) approaches to probe the state of the system and its properties at various stages in the evolution. The project offers unique educational experiences for students and post-doctoral scholars by (i) learning first-hand how to work within an interdisciplinary research group focused on a scientific theme in the context of a critical technology; (ii) acquiring knowledge of industrial research-team protocols by combining well designed internships with co-supervision by the industrial team members; and (iii) participating in international research exchanges with foreign institutions (in Australia, Japan, Germany and the UK) and in topical workshops. FUNDING: This National Science Foundation project is co-funded by two of the Office of International Science and Engineering (OISE)'s Programs: (1) East Asia and Pacific, and (2) Europe and Eurasia; the Engineering Directorate and the Mathematical and Physical Sciences Directorate.