Collaborative Research: Pacific-Arctic Carbon Synthesis - Transformations, Fluxes, and Budgets

预测北冰洋系统的未来状况需要对其现状的科学知识，以及对变化机制的基于过程的理解。这项研究工作将综合许多最近的、即将到来的和历史的数据集，以创建楚科奇/西波弗特海、白令海和阿拉斯加北部海湾的三个区域碳预算。当来自北太平洋的水经过这些地区时，在进入北冰洋中部之前会发生一些改变。一般来说，由于二氧化碳的吸收和有机物的再矿化作用，从这些陆架海流出的水更新鲜、更冷，pH值也更低。由于生物地球化学转变对北极中部和北大西洋部分水域的预处理具有重要意义，因此更好地了解这些过程如何影响该地区的碳生物地球化学是很重要的。研究人员建议通过更好地限制北冰洋太平洋部分三个区域的碳预算，包括沿海通量、初级生产速率和二氧化碳的海气交换，以及开发具有碳酸盐矿物饱和状态预测能力的算法，来解决这个问题。这项工作的目的是确定物理强迫和生物反应如何控制海洋碳循环，包括在对比鲜明的陆架环境中空气-海洋二氧化碳交换率和净群落产量以及海洋酸化效应，并更好地限制目前的碳储量和通量，并确定气候变化将如何影响区域碳循环。该项目将支持四名早期职业研究者、一名博士后科学家和一名博士生。

Predicting future conditions of the Arctic Ocean system requires scientific knowledge of its present status as well as a process-based understanding of the mechanisms of change. This research effort will synthesize a number of recent, upcoming, and historical datasets to create three regional carbon budgets for the Chukchi/western Beaufort Sea, the Bering Sea, and the northern Gulf of Alaska. As waters from the North Pacific make their way through these regions a number of transformations occur that modify them before they enter the central Arctic Ocean. In general, the waters exiting these shelf seas are fresher, colder, and have lower pH due to the uptake of CO2 and the remineralization of organic matter. Because of the importance that biogeochemical transformations have in preconditioning the waters of the central Arctic and ultimately parts of the North Atlantic it is important to gain a better understanding of how these processes impact the carbon biogeochemistry of the region. The investigators propose to address this issue by better constraining the carbon budgets for three zones in the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean including coastal fluxes, rates of primary production and air-sea exchange of CO2 as well as developing algorithms with predictive capabilities for carbonate mineral saturation states. The aim of this effort is to determine how physical forcing and biological responses control the marine carbon cycle including the rates of air-sea CO2 exchange and net community production as well as ocean acidification effects in the contrasting shelf environments, and to better constrain the present stocks and fluxes of carbon and determine how climate change will affect the regional carbon cycle. The project will support four early career investigators, a postdoctoral scientist, and a Ph.D. student.