Peary and the Inughuit at Cape Sheridan: A Preliminary Study

苏珊·卡普兰博士和吉纳维芙·勒莫因博士，沿着有一名学生和一名当地导游，将在努纳武特的谢里丹角、埃尔斯米尔岛、弗罗贝格海滩绘制两个历史悠久的因纽特人（来自格陵兰西北部的因纽特人）冬季露营地的地图和照片。他们还将徒步调查周边地区，以确定该地区的史前遗址，并重新安置已知的历史遗址。因纽特人家庭从格陵兰岛带来的罗伯特E。皮里在1905-06年和1908-09年，以协助他在他的努力，以达到北极创造了在弗罗贝格海滩的营地。当皮里和他的美国和加拿大人住在他的船上，SS罗斯福，这是冻结成冰离岸，因纽特人建造家园的海岸使用航运板条箱和雪。在每次考察期间，大约有50名因纽特人男女老少在弗洛贝格海滩的这个临时村庄生活了大约10个月，之后他们返回格陵兰的家园。关于这些定居点的书面描述和照片充其量也只是粗略的，我们对这些流离失所家庭的生活条件知之甚少（其中许多家庭的户主是妇女，而她们的丈夫则与皮里一起在路上呆了几个月）。加拿大公园考古学家在20世纪70年代和80年代初的考古工作已经证实了这些遗址的存在，但没有更多？他们的访问仅限于简短的表面调查。该项目的主要目标是通过测绘和摄影以及可能有限的试掘，详细记录这些遗址。我们将收集信息，以阐明居住在那里的因纽特人家庭的生活性质，并评估遗址的状况，以确定是否有必要进行更广泛的研究。这个项目提供了一个独特的机会，检查不受早期或后期职业影响的密集接触情况。虽然这是一项初步调查，但它具有很大的潜力，可以提高人们对因纽特人在皮里和其他探险家的工作中的作用以及密切接触和流离失所对土著人民的影响的认识和兴趣。

Drs. Susan Kaplan and Genevieve LeMoine, along with a student and a local guide, will map and photo-document two historic Inughuit (Inuit from Northwest Greenland) winter campsites at Floeberg Beach, Cape Sheridan, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut. They will also survey the surrounding area on foot to identify prehistoric sites in the area and relocate known historic sites. Inughuit families brought from Greenland by Robert E. Peary in 1905-06 and 1908-09 to assist him in his efforts to reach the North Pole created the campsites at Floeberg Beach. While Peary and his American and Canadian men lived aboard his ship, the SS Roosevelt, which was frozen into the ice just offshore, the Inughuit built homes on shore using shipping crates and snow. During each expedition, approximately 50 Inughuit men, women and children lived in this temporary village at Floeberg Beach for about ten months, after which they returned to their homes in Greenland. Written descriptions and photographs of these settlements are sketchy at best and we know little of the living conditions of these displaced families (many of which were headed by women while their husbands spent months on the trail with Peary). Previous archaeological work by Parks Canada archaeologists in the 1970s and early 1980s has confirmed that the sites exist, but no more ? their visits were limited to brief superficial surveys. The primary goal of this project is to document the sites in detail, through mapping and photography and possibly limited test excavation. We will collect information that will shed light on the nature of the lives of the Inughuit families who lived there, and evaluate the condition of the sites to determine whether more extensive research is warranted. This project offers a unique opportunity to examine an intensive contact situation unaffected by earlier or later occupations. Although a preliminary investigation, it has significant potential to raise awareness of, and interest in, Inughuit roles in the work of Peary and other explorers, as well as the impact of intense contact and displacement on indigenous peoples.