RAPID: Stagnant Flood Water Quality Improvement: Role of Sediment and Interactions between Effective Microorganisms and Indigenous Microorganisms

[1219755]泰国正在经历该国历史上最严重的洪水。洪水影响了曼谷200多万人。由于排水不良，大部分地区的洪水停滞不前，导致水质问题。恶臭排放和水媒病原体增殖是潜在的问题。泰国政府建议使用有效微生物（EMs）来缓解这些问题。em有液体和固体两种形式，由三种微生物群组成，包括乳酸菌、酵母和光合细菌。一种假设是，新兴市场将取代作为病原体的本地微生物。该项目的首要目标是调查沉积物的类型和数量，并研究沉积物中的微生物群落。微生物群落调查将集中在：1)本地微生物，包括硫酸盐还原菌，负责气味的产生和已知的水传播病原体，如小球藻弧菌，伤寒沙门氏菌，大肠杆菌和隐孢子虫；2)与EMs相关的微生物群。核心假设是，高有机含量沉积物的存在与气味有关，沉积物中含有硫酸盐还原细菌和病原体，但没有与EMs相关的微生物群。pi将测试这些假设：1)确定不同区域沉积物的类型和数量（有和没有气味，有和没有EM应用）；2)确定沉积物中的微生物群落及其多样性。本研究将有利于通过泥沙控制来进行洪水水质管理的实际应用。em用于控制硫还原细菌和水生病原体具有潜在的变革性。这项研究的结果可以应用于不同的领域，因为em已经用于农学，食品科学和健康科学。这个项目是跨学科的，需要综合环境工程、分子微生物学和水文学的知识。更广泛的影响本项目符合RAPID资助标准，因为需要在洪水排水后收集沉积物样本；预计排水工作将于2012年初开始。拟议的研究将对洪水灾民的福祉产生影响。洪水是世界上常见的主要自然灾害之一。通过该项目获得的信息可能对洪水后的清理工作人员在减少与病原微生物接触的风险方面有用。研究结果可以应用于美国南部各州，因为气候相似，洪水淹没时间长。

1219755/KhanThailand is experiencing the worst flood in the history of the country. The flood water has affected more than two million people in Bangkok. Due to poor drainage, the flood water is stagnant in most areas leading to water quality issues. Odor emission and waterborne pathogen proliferation are potential problems. The Thai Government is suggesting the use of effective microorganisms (EMs) to alleviate the problems. EMs are available in both liquid and solid forms consisting of three microbial groups including lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and photosynthetic bacteria. A hypothesis is that EMs would overtake indigenous microorganisms that are pathogens. The overarching goals of this project are to investigate type and quantity of sediment and to study microbial community within the sediment. The microbial community investigation will focus on: 1) Indigenous microorganisms including sulfate reducing bacteria that are responsible for odor production and known waterborne pathogens such as Vibrio chlorella, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, and Cryptosporidium and 2) Microbial groups associated with EMs. The central hypotheses are that the presence of sediment with high organic contents is associated with odor, and sediment harbors sulfate reducing bacteria and pathogens but not microbial groups associated with EMs. The PIs will test these hypotheses: 1) Determine the type and quantity of sediment in different areas (with and without odor and with and without EM application) and 2) Determine the microbial community and its diversity in the sediment. Intellectual MeritThe proposed research will benefit practical applications on flood water quality management via sediment control. The use of EMs for controlling sulfur reducing bacteria and waterborne pathogens is potentially transformative. Results from this research could be applicable across different fields as EMs have been used in agronomy, food science, and health sciences. The project is interdisciplinary in nature requiring integrated knowledge in environmental engineering, molecular microbiology, and hydrology.Broader ImpactsThis project meets the RAPID funding criteria because of the need to collect sediment samples after the flood water is drained; the drainage is projected to happen early in 2012. The proposed research will have an impact on the well-being of flood victims. Flooding is one of the major natural disasters and occurs throughout the world. The information gained through the project could be useful to post flood cleanup workers in term of reducing risk in contacting with pathogenic microorganisms. Research findings can be applied to the southern states of the U.S. because of similarities in climate and long periods of flood water inundation.