Physiological and Genetic Mechanisms Underlying Salt Tolerance in Rice Across Developmental Stages

主要研究者：Harkamal Walia（内布拉斯加大学）CoPI：Dong Wang，Aaron Lorenz，Ashok Samal（内布拉斯加大学），Argelia Lorence（阿肯色州州立大学）合作者：标记测试仪（澳大利亚植物功能基因组学中心），Abdelbagi Ismail（国际水稻研究所，菲律宾），苏珊·麦考奇（康奈尔大学）盐度是灌溉农业的主要环境限制因素之一，产量损失估计超过200万美元。每年120亿美元。只有17%的农业得到灌溉，但它提供了全球粮食供应的三分之一。水稻可以说是全球粮食安全最重要的作物，但也是主要谷物中对盐最敏感的作物。水稻耐盐性的遗传变异程度在很大程度上是未知的，利用不足。该项目旨在填补这一知识空白，利用新开发的基因组资源，结合高通量基于图像的表型分析的最新进展，阐明适应性反应的遗传基础，以盐胁迫。该项目将提供基因组水平的信息，将与水稻耐盐性相关的生理反应相关的基因和途径联系起来。从这项工作中获得的知识将最终告知育种者，在种质库的巨大遗传多样性中存在哪些等位基因可以引入耐盐的优良品种。本研究对水稻盐胁迫的生理效应进行了全面的研究，对小麦、玉米等其他禾谷类作物的盐胁迫研究具有重要的参考价值。在数据分析过程中使用和改进的生物学知识和方法对于具有重要表型组学和基因组学组成部分的大规模生物学项目都是有价值的。序列数据将存放在NCBI和Gramene。表型、序列和GWAS数据将通过项目网站提供。图像分析软件和脚本将根据要求提供。研究人员将为内布拉斯加大学的植物生理学和图像分析课程的本科生以及阿肯色州州立大学的研究生和主要是少数民族本科生的夏季研讨会开发多学科主动学习模块。基于本项目的研究开发的教学材料将在传统和在线学习环境中广泛使用。六名学生和博士后科学家将在植物生理学，数量遗传学，生物信息学和图像信息学的交叉点进行多学科研究培训。在表型组学方面培训学生将填补一个空白，因为高通量表型分析越来越多地应用于工业领域，但大多数公共研究和培训机构还没有提供。

PI: Harkamal Walia (University of Nebraska)CoPIs: Dong Wang, Aaron Lorenz, Ashok Samal(University of Nebraska), Argelia Lorence (Arkansas State University)Collaborators: Mark Tester (Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics), Abdelbagi Ismail (International Rice Research Institute, The Philippines), Susan McCouch (Cornell University)Salinity is one of the major environmental limitations for irrigated agriculture with yield losses estimated to exceed $12 billion dollars annually. Only 17% of agriculture is under irrigation, yet it provides a third of the global food supply. Rice is arguably the most important crop for global food security, but is also the most salt-sensitive among staple cereals. The extent of genetic variation for salt tolerance in rice is largely unknown and under-utilized. This project aims to fill this knowledge gap by utilizing newly developed genomic resources in combination with recent advances in high-throughput image-based phenotyping to elucidate the underlying genetic basis of adaptive responses to salinity stress. This project will provide genome-level information that will link genes and pathways associated with physiological responses associated with salinity tolerance in rice. Knowledge derived from this work will ultimately inform breeders as to which alleles present in the vast genetic diversity of germplasm banks can be introduced into elite cultivars for salt tolerance. This comprehensive study of physiological impact of salt stress in rice will be broadly useful for other cereals such as wheat and maize. Both the biological knowledge and the methodologies used and refined during the course of data analysis will be valuable for large-scale biology projects that have significant phenomics and genomics components.Sequence data will be deposited at the NCBI and Gramene. Phenotypic, sequence, and GWAS data will be available via the project website. Image analysis software and scripts will be available upon request. Investigators will develop multidisciplinary active learning modules for undergraduate students in Plant Physiology and Image Analysis courses at the University of Nebraska and at summer workshops for graduate students and predominantly minority undergraduates at Arkansas State University. Development of instructional material based on the research in this project will be broadly useful in both traditional and online learning environments. Six students and postdoctoral scientists will be trained in multidisciplinary research at the intersection of plant physiology, quantitative genetics, bioinformatics and image informatics. Training students in phenomics will fill a void as high-throughput phenotyping is increasingly deployed in industry but not yet available at most public institutions for research and training.