CAREER: Abstractions for Energy Management: Vision, Architecture and Tools

移动的电话上的过度能量消耗会刺激用户，因为电池寿命短且不可预测。 数据中心的过度消耗会损害企业的底线，并有可能导致大规模故障。本研究计画发展能源追踪与监控技术，使软体开发者、系统工程师、使用者等多方能稽核与控制软体能源消耗。第一个研究了理解、调试和控制异构体系结构上并行应用程序的性能和能耗所需的低级软件表示（即，在具有加速器的多核上）。 第二个开发了一个硬件/软件的能源异常框架，从而满足所表达的能源目标被视为正确计算的要求。 该框架中的劳动分工要求硬件以精细的时间和空间粒度监测和报告能耗，而软件负责表达能耗目标并处理未达到目标的情况。 第三部分探讨了这个能源监测框架使用JavaScript作为测试平台的全系统影响。 这个推力的重点是理解和平衡的开销和能量跟踪在真实的系统的好处。最后，第四个检查程序员的反馈和激励措施，以开发和优化“负责任的”软件，运行速度更快，能源成本更低。 该项目将开发必要的抽象和工具，使软件能源消耗的可见性和控制，重要的能力，能源成为计算系统中最关键的资源之一。

Excessive energy consumption on a mobile phone irritates the user with short, unpredictable battery life. Excess consumption in a datacenter hurts a business's bottom line and has the potential to cause large-scale failures. This research project develops energy tracking and monitoring techniques to enable many parties -- such as the software developer, system engineer, and end user -- to audit and control software energy consumption.This research aims to address four issues. The first investigates the low-level software representations needed to understand, debug, and control a parallel application's performance and energy consumption on heterogeneous architectures (i.e., on a multicore with accelerators). The second develops a hardware/software energy exception framework, whereby meeting expressed energy targets is treated as a requirement for correct computation. The division of labor in this framework tasks hardware with monitoring and reporting energy consumption at fine temporal and spatial granularities, while software is responsible for expressing energy targets and handling cases in which the targets are not met. The third explores the system-wide impacts of this energy monitoring framework using Javascript as a testbed. The focus of this thrust is understanding and balancing the overheads and benefits of energy tracking in real systems. Finally, the fourth examines programmer feedback and incentives required to develop and optimize "responsible" software that runs faster and at lower energy cost. This project will develop the abstractions and tools necessary to bring visibility and control to software energy consumption, important capabilities as energy becomes one of the most critical resources in a computing system.