NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2013

该行动为2013财年的NSF国家植物基因组计划生物学博士后研究奖学金提供资金。该研究金支持研究员在东道实验室的研究和培训计划，研究员还提出了扩大生物学参与的计划。该奖学金的研究和培训计划的标题为詹姆斯C施纳布尔是“一个比较基因组学方法研究C4光合作用”该奖学金的主办机构是唐纳德丹福斯植物科学中心和赞助科学家是博士.托马斯布鲁特内尔.植物利用阳光，二氧化碳和水以糖的形式产生化学能.虽然这个过程（光合作用）负责提供地球上生命使用的绝大多数能量，但它也非常低效。C4光合作用汇集了许多结构和生物化学创新，使植物能够更有效地捕获二氧化碳，使植物更具生产力，同时提高了它们利用水和氮的效率。C4光合作用在不同的植物科中独立出现，包括禾本科中的多个独立起源。该项目将确定参与C4光合作用调控的基因和调控序列。序列保守，基因表达模式和表观遗传修饰的数据将产生来自多个草种代表独立的起源C4光合作用，以及密切相关的非C4草种。通过计算机模拟方法确定的候选基因和调控方法将在模式C4禾本科物种狗尾草中进行实验验证。培训目标包括植物遗传学，比较基因组学，表观基因组学和新的下一代测序数据集的分析。更广泛的影响包括为美国学生提供能力建设和高级培训，使他们能够从事植物改良和相关科学（如生理学、数量遗传学和计算生物学）的跨学科研究。此外，将开发比较基因组学/转录组学可视化工具，可用于研究多个物种中出现的其他新性状，以及有助于研究禾本科作物物种中其他不同性状的物种间数据集。

This action funds an NSF National Plant Genome Initiative Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2013. The fellowship supports a research and training plan in a host laboratory for the Fellow who also presents a plan to broaden participation in biology. The title of the research and training plan for this fellowship to James C Schnable is "A Comparative Genomics Approach to Studying C4 Photosynthesis" The host institution for the fellowship is the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center and the sponsoring scientist is Dr. Thomas Brutnell.Plants create chemical energy in the form of sugars using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. While this process (photosynthesis) is responsible for supplying the vast majority of energy used by life on earth, it is also remarkably inefficient. C4 photosynthesis brings together a number of structural and biochemical innovations to allow plants to more efficiently capture carbon dioxide, making plants more productive while at the same time increasing the efficiency with which they use water and nitrogen. C4 photosynthesis has arisen independently in different families of plants including multiple independent origins in the grass family. This project will identify genes and regulatory sequences co-opted into the regulation of C4 photosynthesis. Data on sequence conservation, gene expression patterns, and epigenetic modifications will be generated from multiple grass species representing independent origins of C4 photosynthesis as well as a closely related non-C4 grass species. Candidate genes and regulatory approaches identified using in silico approaches will be experimentally validated in the model C4 grass species Setaria virdis.Training objectives include plant genetics, comparative genomics, epigenomics, and analysis of novel next generation sequencing datasets. Broader impacts include capacity-building and advanced training for students from the United States to engage in interdisciplinary research in plant improvement and associated sciences such as physiology, quantitative genetics, and computational biology. In addition, comparative genomics/transcriptomics visualization tools will be developed that may be employed in studying other novel traits emerging in multiple species, as well as interspecies datasets which will aid in the study of other divergent traits among grass crop species.