Dissertation Research: Moral Economies in Dairy Production.

菲利普麦克迈克尔凯瑟琳塞克斯史密斯康奈尔大学这篇论文研究了在工业增长和整合的背景下，纽约奶牛场的无证移民和农民之间的劳动过程和工作场所关系的道德基础。虽然社会学发展理论期望工业化农业中的劳动关系受功能和非个人规范的支配，但奶牛场的就业承诺往往基于正义和情感纽带的概念。本文的研究假设，由于这些移民的熟练工作表现和劳动力外逃的风险，农民被迫满足工人关于劳动待遇的公平理想，包括保护他们免受移民执法和满足基本需求的支持。它进一步假设，农民对这些道德经济的遵守矛盾地有助于乳制品行业的现代化。本研究通过寻求以下问题的答案，有助于理解全球化下农业社会、移民网络和农业劳动力的工业化进程：(1)无证身份如何与生产结构结合，形成：a)乳制品劳动力的物质和社会经验，以及b)移民网络的形成？(2)农场主和工人利用什么样的公平理念来使奶牛场的劳动分工合法化？(3)当农民工对公平的期望没有得到满足时，他们会如何抵制，以及对农场有什么影响？研究人员将在纽约两个拥有不同农业工业增长和移民执法活动经验的产奶县完成比较人种学研究。它通过半结构化访谈、时间使用调查、档案分析和对农场和社区成员的参与观察来分析奶牛场生活的社会结构。研究更广泛的影响研究结果可能为移民政策和农业推广计划提供信息，旨在改善移民工人的就业条件和奶牛场的生存能力。结果将提交给康奈尔大学合作推广办公室。研究设计包括为外来务工人员开设英语课程，帮助他们融入社区。这也有利于两名本科生的教学和学习，他们将被聘为研究助理。该项目在发展社会学和移徙研究之间的理论定位将有助于跨学科合作。

SES-1333367Phillip McMichaelKathleen SexsmithCornell UniversityThis dissertation examines the moral basis of the labor process and workplace relationships between undocumented immigrants and farmers on New York dairies, in the context of industrial growth and consolidation. Although sociological theories of development expect labor relationships in industrial agriculture to be governed by functional and impersonal norms, employment commitments on dairy farms are often based on notions of justice and affective ties. This dissertation research hypothesizes that farmers are compelled to meet workers' ideals of fairness regarding the treatment of labor, including protection from immigration enforcement and support in meeting basic needs, due to these immigrants' skilled job performance and the risk of their labor flight. It further hypothesizes that farmers' compliance with these moral economies paradoxically contributes to the modernization of the dairy industry. The study contributes to understanding industrialization processes in agrarian societies, migrant networks, and agricultural labor under globalization, by seeking answers to the following questions: (1) How does undocumented status combine with the structure of production to shape: a) the material and social experience of dairy labor, and b) the formation of migrant networks? (2) What ideals of fairness do farm owners and workers draw upon to legitimate the division of labor on dairy farms? (3) How, and with what impact on farms, do migrant workers resist when their expectations of fairness are not met? The researchers will complete comparative, ethnographic research in two New York dairying counties with differing experiences of agro-industrial growth and immigration enforcement activity. It analyzes the social fabric of dairy farm life through semi-structured interviews, time use surveys, archival analysis, and participant observation with farm and community members. StudyBroader ImpactsFindings could potentially inform immigration policies and agricultural extension programs that aim to improve the employment conditions of migrant workers and the viability of dairy farms. Results will be presented to the Cornell Cooperative Extension offices. The research design includes English classes for immigrant workers, helping them to integrate in the community. It also benefits the teaching and learning of two undergraduate students, who will be employed as research assistants. The theoretical positioning of the project at the nexus of development sociology and migration studies will contribute to interdisciplinary collaboration.