Social Identity and Person Perception

社会身份，或在相关社会群体中的感知成员身份，可以影响广泛的过程，包括我们如何感知，评估和与他人互动。拟议中的研究探讨了群体成员对个人感知的作用，理论上认为，相对于其他群体的成员，群体成员更容易感知到自己的想法、目标和感受。这一点很重要，因为推断他人状态的能力可以促进社会互动，对他人情绪做出适当反应，以及感知他人拥有道德权利和责任。相反，当人们不认为别人有自己的想法、目标和感受时，他们可能更有可能以偏见和歧视来回应。因此，这项工作有可能提供新的方法来理解群体身份如何影响感知过程，提出新的技术来减少真实的世界的偏见和歧视，并改善不同群体成员之间的合作。杰伊货车巴维尔（纽约大学）将进行一系列研究，以研究个人的群体身份如何影响他人的感知（例如，团队成员、国家认同）。研究小组将研究这个问题与以下方面的关系：[1]人们对他们的群体成员身份的重要性，以及人们是否认为他们的群体受到外群体的威胁; [2]这种关系背后的神经系统; [3]对外群体的偏见如何影响行为（例如，侵略，群体间冲突和照顾）;和[4]减少对外群体偏见的方法。通过研究这些因素，这项拟议中的研究将导致新的理论社会身份对他人的看法的作用。

Social identity, or perceived memberships in relevant social groups, can influence a wide range of processes, including how we perceive, evaluate, and interact with others. The proposed research examines the role of group membership on person perception, theorizing that it will be easier to perceive in-group members as having their own thoughts, goals and feelings relative to members of other groups. This is important, as the ability to infer states in others can facilitate social interactions, appropriate responding to others' emotions, and the perception that others have moral rights and responsibilities. Conversely, when people do not perceive others as having their own thoughts, goals and feelings, they may be more likely to respond with prejudice and discrimination. Therefore, this work has the potential to provide new ways of understanding how group identity influences perceptual processes, suggest novel techniques to reduce real world prejudice and discrimination, and to improve cooperation between members of different groups.Jay Van Bavel (New York University) will conduct a series of studies to examine how perceptions of others are influenced by individuals' group identity (e.g., team membership, national identity). The research team will examine this question in relation to: [1] the importance people place on their group memberships and whether people believe that their group is threatened by an out-group; [2] the neural systems that underlie this relationship; [3] how biases against an out-group affect behavior (e.g., aggression, intergroup conflict, and care); and [4] methods to reduce bias against out-groups. By examining these factors, this proposed research will result in new theorizing about the role of social identity on perceptions of others.