Computational Nuclear Many-Body Physics

核物理学在我们探索宇宙的过程中起着关键作用，解决了一些基本的科学问题，比如：1）物质是如何形成的，它是如何进化的？2)亚原子物质如何组织自己以及出现哪些现象？3)对于物质结构来说，基本的相互作用是否已经被完全理解了？4）如何最好地利用核物理提供的知识和技术进步造福社会？ 近年来，研究人员在我们对原子核这一复杂而迷人的系统的基本理解方面取得了显着进展。这一进展是由新的理论见解和增加的计算能力以及实验获得具有大量过量中子或质子的新同位素所推动的。后者涉及对科学前沿实验设施的大量社会投资，如正在美国密歇根州立大学建造的放射性离子束设施。该项目的中心目标是使他们在专业上独立发展，成为有创造力和多产的科学家，并将继续帮助他们为工业或学术机构做好准备。该项目旨在通过解决上述许多基本问题来推进我们对亚原子物质的基本理解。对于核理论家来说，挑战在于发展一个全面而统一的原子核及其反应的描述，以组成核子之间的基本相互作用为基础，具有可量化的不确定性，以最大限度地提高预测能力。根据运动定律和潜在的核力来模拟这样的系统，需要发展复杂的物理和数学算法。为了应对这一挑战，该小组将开发一个工具箱，用于处理许多强相互作用粒子（质子和中子），能够处理各种核系统，从稳定的闭合壳层核和核物质，例如中子星到远离壳层闭合的奇异松散束缚的中子和质子丰富的核。该工具箱将利用最先进的微观输入，并将围绕现代多粒子方法构建。 一个溢价将放在发展可靠的理论误差酒吧，这部分源于截断误差用于推导核力，输入相互作用的拟合参数的不确定性，截断近似旨在“软化”的输入哈密顿量，基集截断误差，截断误差在特定水平的多体近似。通过开发能够处理具有受控不确定性的广泛核系统的强大多体方法，该项目将使我们更接近能够回答上述核物理基本问题。

Nuclear physics plays a key role in our quest to understand the Universe, addressing fundamental scientific questions like: 1) How did matter come into being and how does it evolve? 2) How does subatomic matter organize itself and what phenomena emerge? 3) Are the fundamental interactions that are basic to the structure of matter fully understood?, and 4) How can the knowledge and technological progress provided by nuclear physics best be used to benefit society? In recent years, researchers have made remarkable progress in our fundamental understanding of the complex and fascinating system that is the nucleus. This progress has been driven by new theoretical insights and increased computational power, as well as by experimental access to new isotopes with a large excess of neutrons or protons. The latter involves large societal investments in scientific forefront experimental facilities like the Facility of Radioactive Ion Beams, which is being built at Michigan State University in the U.S.A. The mentoring of graduate students and post-doctoral fellows is an integral part of the project. Their professional development toward independence as original and productive scientists is a central objective of the project and will continue to prepare them for industry or academic institutions.While much has been learned so far about nuclear systems and associated phenomena, much remains to be understood. This project aims to advance our basic understanding of subatomic matter by addressing many of the above fundamental questions. For nuclear theorists, the challenge is to develop a comprehensive and unified description of nuclei and their reactions, grounded in the fundamental interactions between the constituent nucleons with quantifiable uncertainties to maximize predictive power. To model such systems according to the laws of motion and the underlying nuclear forces, requires the development of sophisticated physical and mathematical algorithms. To address this challenge, this group will develop a toolbox of methods for dealing with many strongly-interacting particles (protons and neutrons) capable of treating a wide variety of nuclear systems, ranging from stable closed-shell nuclei and nuclear matter as seen in for example neutron stars to exotic loosely-bound neutron and proton rich nuclei far from shell closures. The toolbox will make use of state-of-the-art microscopic inputs and will be built around modern many-particle methods. A premium will be placed on developing reliable theoretical error bars, which stem in part from truncation errors used to derive nuclear forces, uncertainties in the fitted parameters of the input interactions, truncated approximations intended to "soften" the input Hamiltonian, basis-set truncation errors, and truncation errors in the particular level of many-body approximation. By developing powerful many-body methods capable of treating a wide range of nuclear systems with controlled uncertainties, this project will bring us one step closer to being able to answer the above fundamental questions of nuclear physics.