"Let there be one koiranos, one basileus." Terminology of ruling and rule from Mycenaean times to the age of the early tyrants

到目前为止，研究人员尝试了各种方法论的方法来解决所谓的黑暗时代(没有书面资料)时期已知的权威形式(S)的问题。这些时代涵盖了从迈锡尼“宫殿”的毁灭到早期暴君崛起的时间。因此，人们试图探索神话传统的“历史核心”。这些思考得到了对考古学特征的社会学和政治学解释的补充和部分补充。进一步的理论是通过与其他早期社会的特征或相应的社会和政治发展的一般模式的类比来提供的。手头的项目选择了不同的方法。起始点将是证据表明，在早期的资料中使用了几个术语来描述统治者的政治和社会角色。在后来的传统和现代学术中，这些术语经常被视为同义词。相反，这个项目将说明，至少有一些(以及哪些)术语可以被识别为规则的特定方面或形式。此外，最近的研究结果为迈锡尼政治秩序的特殊性(据推测不是君主制秩序)和“Basileis”的作用提供了新的视角。关于早期希腊统治形式的特殊性的总体结果，以及对希腊历史上一个关键时代各自发展的详细见解，都是可以预期的。

Up to now research tried various methodological approaches to resolve the problem which form(s) of authority were known during the period of the so-called "Dark Ages" (without written sources). These ages cover the time from the destruction of the Mycenaean "palaces" to the rise of the early tyrants. Thus, it was attempted to explore the "historical core" of the mythical tradition. These reflections were complemented and partly supplemented by the sociological and political interpretation of archeological features. Further theories were supplied by analogies with features of other early societies or consequential general models of social and political development. The project at hand chooses different approaches. Starting point will be the evidence that several terms for political and social roles of rulership are used in early sources. In later traditions as well as in modern scholarship, these terms were often regarded as synonyms. In contrast, this project will illustrate that at least some (and which) terms can be recognized as specific aspects or forms of rule. Additionally, recent results in research offer new perspectives on the peculiarity of the Mycenaean political order (which presumably was no monarchic order) and the role of "basileis". General results on the idiosyncrasy of early Greek forms of rule and detailed insights in respective developments of an essential epoch in Greek history can be expected.