A Novel MIMO Radar Approach Based on Sparse Sensing and Matrix Completion

在民用和军事应用中，人们对联网雷达的兴趣与日俱增，这种雷达价格低廉，易于部署，同时能够对一个地区进行可靠的监视。例如，雷达系统由放置在无线传感器网络节点上、背包上或汽车上的发射和接收天线组成。发射天线发射探测波形。通过联合处理来自所有接收天线的信号，可以提取期望的目标参数。这一处理可以在融合中心进行，该中心收集所有接收天线的测量结果。可靠的监视需要从各种天线收集、通信和融合大量数据，这是一项昂贵且耗电的任务。该项目提出了一种新的方法，在确保高目标检测和估计性能的同时，大幅减少需要传输到融合中心的数据量。多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达因其具有优越的分辨率而受到广泛关注。该项目将研究一种新型的网络化MIMO雷达系统，该系统依赖于先进的信号处理技术，特别是稀疏传感和矩阵补全，以实现可靠性和成本之间的平衡。特别是，目标是在角度、多普勒和距离空间实现高分辨率，同时限制每个接收天线通过网络测量和转发的数据量。与以前发展的基于压缩感知的MIMO雷达不同，该方法不需要网格离散化，因此具有更强的鲁棒性。该项目将：(1)开发适用于MIMO雷达的目标可恢复性和矩阵补全性能保证的理论结果。分析结果将用于设计具有更高性能的新雷达配置；(Ii)开发实现矩阵完成的分散算法，以便建议的雷达系统可以以分布式的方式实施，而不需要融合中心；(Iii)研究拟议的雷达和通信系统之间的频谱共享方案的潜力；(Iv)研究通过利用节点移动性和通过运动控制进行最佳节点布置来进一步提高性能的可能性。

In both civilian and military applications, there is increasing interest in networked radars which are inexpensive and easily deployable, while at the same time enabling reliable surveillance of an area. Examples include radar systems consisting of transmit and receive antennas placed on the nodes of a wireless sensor network, on backpacks, or on cars. The transmit antennas transmit probing waveforms. By jointly processing the signals from all receive antennas the desired target parameters can be extracted. This processing can be done at a fusion center, which collects the measurements of all receive antennas. Reliable surveillance requires collection, communication and fusion of vast amounts of data from various antennas, a task that is expensive and power consuming. This project proposes a novel approach for substantially reducing the amount of data that need to be communicated to a fusion center, while ensuring high target detection and estimation performance.Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars have received considerable recent attention as they can achieve superior resolution. The proposed project will investigate a novel networked MIMO radar system that relies on advanced signal processing techniques, in particular, sparse sensing and matrix completion, in order to achieve a tradeoff between the competing requirements of reliability and cost. In particular, the goal is to achieve high resolution in the angle, Doppler and range space, while limiting the amount of data measured and forwarded by each receive antenna through the network. Unlike previously developed compressive sensing based MIMO radars, the proposed approach will not require grid discretization and thus will be more robust. The project will: (i) develop theoretical results on target recoverability and performance guarantees for matrix completion applied to MIMO radars. Insight from the analysis will be used to design new radar configurations that have improved performance; (ii) develop decentralized algorithms for implementing matrix completion, so that the proposed radar system can be implemented in a distributed fashion without the need for a fusion center; (iii) investigate the potential of the proposed scheme for spectrum sharing between radars and communication systems; (iv) investigate the possibility of further performance improvement by exploiting node mobility and optimal node placement though motion control.