Nanoparticles with Stainless Interfaces: Void Symmetry Control and New Compositions for Applications in Energy Transfer Storage and Biotechnology

非技术综述：这项研究有望克服研究人员在合成金属合金纳米结构时遇到的一些挑战。使用核心/合金方法，将利用由铁、铬、镍、铝和钛组成的不锈钢界面来合成尺寸在5到50纳米的纳米颗粒。这些纳米材料合金有望具有独特的相行为、氧化性能和空洞/缺陷形态。该项目的最终目标是：开发新的“湿化学”合成策略来制备纳米材料，了解由此产生的氧化和相行为，并控制这种行为，以便构建在能源和生物技术领域具有实用价值的新结构。将支持一名博士后研究员和多名化学研究生和本科生。该研究员将获得宝贵的专业发展，并将与学生一起，在尖端纳米材料科学、材料化学和相关仪器技术方面获得宝贵的经验和培训。国际学生联合会将促进少数族裔学生参与该项目，并继续他的工作，指导妇女从事STEM职业生涯。这项工作将通过外联活动，加强本科生和研究生课程工作，并通过主办一次关于纳米科学的区域研讨会，将该地区具有类似兴趣的研究人员聚集在一起，对纽约州锡拉丘兹北部地区的材料化学和纳米科学界产生深远的影响。技术概述：该项目探讨了可以利用合金成分、相行为和氧化特性来控制纳米材料内部微结构的假设。多年来，研究人员已经掌握了许多纳米结构尺寸和形状控制所需的合成技术，今天的重点正转向能够以极高的精度加工这些材料的内部结构。为了实现这一目标，我们将制备新的纳米合金与不锈钢类化合物的界面，作为控制界面氧化速率的化学工具，这反过来将改变Kirkendall缺陷和空位的扩散。这将允许制备具有形态定义的空隙的纳米颗粒，包括可控制1-5 nm保真度的不对称空隙。该项目的目标是制备新的非贵金属纳米合金，利用合金成分、相行为和氧化性能来操纵内部空穴结构，并结合这些技术来定制内部空穴对称性和等级。此外，在该项目的过程中，还将尝试一些新颖的纳米合金界面，包括钛和铝基医疗和高温合金。这些新的纳米材料将立即得到广泛的应用，从能源到生物技术领域，包括气体储存、多相催化和电池技术，以及医疗合金表面和涂层。

NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY: The research is expected to overcome a number of challenges encountered by researchers synthesizing metal alloy nanostructures. Using a core/alloy approach, nanoparticles in the size range of 5 to 50 nm will be synthesized with stainless interfaces that are made up of iron, chromium, nickel, aluminum and titanium compositions. These nanomaterial alloys are expected to have unique phase behavior, oxidation properties, and void/defect morphologies. The ultimate goals of this project are to; develop new "wet-chemical" synthesis strategies to prepare the nanomaterials, to understand the resulting oxidation and phase behavior, and to control that behavior in order to construct novel structures that have utility in energy and biotechnology sectors. A postdoctoral fellow and multiple graduate and undergraduate chemistry students will be supported. The fellow will gain valuable professional development, and along with the students, will gain valuable experience and training in cutting edge nanomaterial science, materials chemistry and associated instrumental techniques. The PI will promote minority student involvement in the project, and continue his work in guiding women to professional STEM careers. The work will have a profound affect on the materials chemistry and nanoscience communities in the upstate Syracuse New York region through outreach events, enhancements to undergraduate and graduate course work and via hosting a regional workshop on nanoscience that brings together researchers with similar interests from the region. TECHNICAL SUMMARY: This project explores the hypothesis that alloy composition, phase behavior, and oxidation characteristics can be use to control the internal microstructure of nanomaterials. Over the years researchers have mastered the synthesis required for size and shape control of many nanostructures, and today focus is shifting towards being able to process the internal structure of these materials with great precision. To accomplish this goal, we will prepare new nano-alloy interfaces with stainless steel like compositions that will be used as a chemical tool to control interfacial oxidation rates, which in turn will alter Kirkendall diffusion of defects and vacancies. This will allow for the preparation of nanoparticles with morphologically defined void spaces, including asymmetric ones, which can be controlled with 1-5 nm fidelity. The goals of this project are to fabricate new non-noble metal nano alloys, to use alloy composition, phase behavior, and oxidation properties to manipulate the internal void structure, and to combine these technologies to tailor internal void symmetry and hierarchy. Moreover, through the course of the project, a number of novel nano-alloy interfaces will be attempted, including titanium and aluminum based medical and super-alloys. These new nanomaterials will have immediate applications ranging from the energy to biotechnology sectors, including; gas storage, heterogeneous catalysis and battery technologies, as well as medical alloy surfaces and coatings.