The role of landuse and non-agricultural occupations for the design of village profiles (Hesse-Kassel 1737)

1737年的黑森州税务登记簿为研究村庄历史提供了一个新的方法，它关注土地使用系统和村庄职业的多样性。第一步，根据各种参数，即法律的地位、土地和牲畜所有权、贸易活动等，对应纳税村庄家庭的数据进行了整理。在两个层面上分析了职业取向和土地使用之间的相互依赖关系，即在总体样本层面上和在每个村庄单独进行分析，重点是马匹所有权和马夫活动的关系，纺织活动和土地所有权，日工状况和耕畜所有权等。2下一步，采用统计方法来发现适合为村庄类型学提供基础的共同特征。在这个层面上，单个村庄提供了基本实体。基于各种类型的村庄，特别注意到不同特征的相互依存关系，如：G.在一个典型的亚麻织工村庄，土地所有权的特殊模式是如何发展的，这种社会不平等的模式在卡车司机人数超过平均水平或日工占很大比例的村庄是典型的。因此，这种视角的变化可以导致对村庄历史的总体看法的重新概念化，从而产生具体的村庄概况，这些村庄概况可以被理解为环境和基础设施因素以及与代理人有关的活动的相互作用结果。此外，还将引入第二个时间轴，以使社会变革可见。为了进一步描述和可能概括统计结果，如初步建议所述，数据库应扩展到卡塞尔市周围地区。

The hessian taxregisters of 1737 provide the database for a new approach to village history focussing on the diversity of landuse systems and village occupations. In a first step the data of the taxable village households have been arranged according to various parameters, i.e. legal status, land and livestock ownership, trade activity etc. The interdependencies between occupational orientations and landuse have been analysed on two levels, on the overall sample level and for each village apart, focussing e.g. the relationship of horse ownership and teamster activity, of weaver activity and land ownership, of day labourer status and draught animal owndership etc.In the next step statistical methods have been employed to detect common features suitable to provide a base for village typologies. On this level the single village provides the basic entity. Based on a variety of village types, special attention has again been paid to the interdependencies of different characteristics, e. g. how special patterns of land ownership developed in a typical village of linen weavers, which patterns of social inequality were typical of villages with an over-average number of teamsters or a significant share of day labourers. Accordingly, this change in perspective can lead to reconceptualizied visions of village history in general, resulting in specific village profiles, that can be understood as interaction results of environmental and infrastructural factors, as well as of agent-related activities.In the continuation period a more precise contextualization will be carried out on a broader basis of sources. Additionally a second time axis will be introduced to make social change visible. To further profile and possibly generalize the statistical findings, the database, as indicated in the inital proposal, should be extended to the region surrounding of city of Kassel.