SFB 1073: Atomic Scale Control of Energy Conversion

CRC1073的首要目标是了解和控制具有可调激发和相互作用的材料中能量转换的基本步骤。我们的研究集中在新材料体系和转化路线上，这些新材料体系和转化路线在未来的能源转换和储存方面具有很高的应用前景，但仍处于科学发现的早期阶段。因此，CRC是物理和化学科学领域的一项知识驱动的研究倡议，有助于从微观上理解激发、热化和转换步骤，直到原子尺度。为了获得对基本能量转换步骤的控制，我们与材料系统合作，其中激发光谱和激发相互作用可以通过材料设计或主动控制来调节。我们选择了三种不同类型的基本转换步骤，沿着这三个步骤，我们在三个主题领域(A，B，C)对齐了我们的项目，使得它们形成了一个完整的转换链：控制耗散(A)，转换光激发(B)，以及光子和电子驱动的反应(C)。在第一个CRC阶段，我们使用了许多先进的原子分辨率、超快、光谱和理论方法，在不同的可调材料系统中展示了结构和主动控制策略。在第二届CRC期间，我们聚焦于最有前途的体系，即复合氧化物、二维体系和分子金属络合物，在这些领域我们取得了一些令人兴奋的突破。在所有三个选定的材料系统中，调谐强关联相和高关联激发对能量转换的途径和效率都有很大影响。在2021年7月开始的第三个SFB阶段，我们的目标是开发通过可调关联控制能量转换的新范式。为此，第二阶段中确定的关联控制的例子将得到证实，以创建具有强关联激发的材料系统中的能量转换的连贯和预测性图景。这种对机制的全面理解将为开发新的技术应用和解决方案制定科学指导方针。

The overarching goal of the CRC 1073 is to understand and control the elementary steps of energy conversion in materials with tunable excitations and interactions. Our studies focus on new materials systems and conversion routes that are highly promising for future applications in energy conversion and storage but are at an early stage of scientific discovery. Thus, the CRC is a knowledge-driven research initiative in the area of the physical and chemical sciences that contributes to the microscopic understanding of excitations, thermalization and conversion steps down to the atomic scale.In order to gain control of the elementary energy conversion steps, we work with materials systems, where excitation spectra and excitation interactions can be tuned by materials design or by active control. Three different types of elementary conversion steps are selected, along which we have aligned our projects in three topical areas (A,B,C) so that they form an entire conversion chain: Control of dissipation (A), conversion of optical excitations (B), and photon- and electron driven reactions (C). In the first CRC period, we demonstrated structural and active control tactics in different tuneable materials systems using a number of highly advanced atomic-resolution, ultrafast, spectroscopic and theoretical methods. In the second CRC period, we focused on the most promising systems, i.e. complex oxides, two-dimensional systems and molecular metal complexes, where we have achieved several exciting breakthroughs. In all three selected material systems, a large impact on pathways and efficiencies of energy conversion is found in tuning strongly correlated phases and highly correlated excitations.In the third SFB period starting in July 2021, we aim to develop the new paradigm of control of energy conversion by tunable correlations. To this end, the examples of control by correlations identified in the second period will be substantiated to create a coherent and predictive picture of energy conversion in material systems with strongly correlated excitations. This comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms will result in scientific guidelines for the development of novel technological applications and solutions.