Engineering Research Center for Power Optimization for Electro-Thermal Systems (POETS)

几乎所有的现代电子系统都遇到了功率密度的瓶颈，功率密度的进一步改进构成了重大挑战。美国国家科学基金会电热系统功率优化工程研究中心（POETS）旨在通过改变设计来增强或增加在严格受限的移动环境中可用的电力密度。正如最近发生的电动汽车和飞机电池火灾所表明的那样，高密度电和热电流的管理是一项安全关键的社会需求。在竖井中进行的工程教育限制了系统级的设计和操作方法。诗人将创造人力资本，这些人力资本经过明确培训，能够跨越技术学科的界限进行思考、交流和创新。工程研究中心（ERC）将进行课程改革，利用系统的视角进行跨学科培训。它将开发教学工具，以便更好地理解stem层面的知识，并在整个本科课程中传播这些知识。诗人们将针对本科课程进行修改，旨在早期保留学生，并将其与本科研究和K-12教师活动相结合。诗人的研究将直接受益于其行业利益相关者，包括电力电子原始设备制造商（OEM）和OEM供应链中的中小型企业。一个行业/从业者咨询委员会将帮助直接努力向诗人研究发展的现成接受者提供帮助。诗人将利用生态系统的产出，推动研究跨越“死亡之谷”走向商业化。诗人们使用系统级分析工具来识别增加功率密度的障碍。设计工具将用于创建最佳的系统级和子系统级设计。新的算法工具将通过结构优化解决集成电热问题的多物理场性质。一旦确定了障碍，诗人们就会开发能够克服这些障碍的技术。这些系统的运行需要开发异构决策工具，这些工具利用多个时间尺度层次，不适合实时使用。这些管理方法的实施需要超越当前2D设计的新型3D电力电子架构。热管理将与新的3D电子系统设计紧密结合，使用拓扑优化用于电力电子，存储等。新的设计将紧密交织元素，如固态热开关和模块化多长度尺度元素；即扩散器、存储单元、相变和与对流单元相互作用的质量流系统。基础研究的进步将支持3D组件技术的发展。新的材料系统将通过操纵纳米结构来为平面内和平面外的热电流提供可调的方向性。这些将与基于新的传导/对流系统的微纳米级热路由相结合。由相变材料制成的缓冲器将集成到这些系统中，以增加具有定向功率流驱动的自主材料的类别。新型测试系统将集成系统知识支持技术和基础突破到模块化演示中。

Nearly all modern electronic systems are hitting a power density wall where further improvements in power density pose significant challenges. The NSF Engineering Research Center for Power Optimization for Electro-Thermal Systems (POETS), aims to enhance or increase the electric power density available in tightly constrained mobile environments by changing the design. The management of high-density electrical and thermal power flows is a safety-critical societal need as recent electrical vehicles and aircraft battery fires illustrate. Engineering education conducted in silos limits systems-level approaches to design and operation. POETS will create the human capital that is explicitly trained to think, communicate, and innovate across the boundaries of technical disciplines. The Engineering Research Center (ERC) will institute curricular reform to train across disciplines using a systems perspective. It will develop pedagogical tools that allow greater stems-level understanding and disseminate these throughout the undergraduate curriculum. POETS will target undergraduate curriculum modifications aimed at early retention and couple it with undergraduate research and K-12 teacher activities. POETS' research will directly benefit its industry stakeholders comprised of power electronics Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) and Small to Medium sized businesses in the OEM supply chain. An Industry/Practitioner Advisory Board will help direct efforts towards ready recipients of POETS research developments. POETS will harness the outputs of the ecosystem and drive research across the "valley of death" into commercialization.POETS uses system level analysis tools to identify barriers to increased power density. Design tools will be used to create optimal system-level and subsystem-level designs. Novel algorithm tools will address the multi-physics nature of the integrated electro-thermal problem via structural optimization. Once barriers are identified, POETS will cultivate enabling technologies to overcome them. The operation of these systems necessitates development of heterogeneous decision tools that exploit multiple time scale hierarchies and are not suitable for real-time use. Implementation of these management approaches requires new 3D power electronics architectures that surpass current 2D designs. The thermal management will be tightly coupled with new 3D electronic systems designs using topology optimization for power electronics, storage, etc. The new designs will tightly interweave elements such as solid state thermal switches and modular multi-length scale elements; i.e. spreaders, storage units, phase change and mass flow system interacting with convection units. Fundamental research advances will support development of the 3D component technologies. New materials systems will be developed by manipulating nanostructures to provide tunable directionality for in plane and out-of-plane thermal power flows. These will be coupled with micro- and nano-scale thermal routing based on new conduction/convection systems. Buffers made from phase change material will be integrated into these systems to augment classes of autonomic materials with directed power flow actuation. Novel tested systems will integrate the system knowledge enabling technologies and fundamental breakthrough into modular demonstrations.