CAREER: Experimental, Numerical, and Case Studies of Landslide Mobility

这项学院早期职业发展(Career)计划拨款将促进对山体滑坡流动性的理解。泥石流、泥石流和岩石崩塌等快速流状滑坡能够调动大量土壤和岩石，并影响大片地区，由于其流动性高，往往远离源头。在全球范围内，类似水流的快速山体滑坡每年造成数十亿美元的损失和数千人伤亡。华盛顿州斯诺霍米什县最近发生的奥索山体滑坡(2014年3月22日)证明，人们对山体滑坡的流动性仍然知之甚少。该奖项支持基础研究，以提供所需的知识，以促进对滑坡移动性的理解，并可靠地预测滑坡跑动。这项研究的结果将改进目前的滑坡危险评估，并最终有助于减少这些破坏性地质灾害未来给社会造成的损失。该项目的国际部分将促进国际合作，以帮助培养全球参与的工程学学生。本研究的目的是促进对滑坡体的类固体行为和流固相互作用对滑坡流动性的影响的理解，这两个方面发挥着重要作用，但过去被忽视。为实现这一目标，将进行实验室和实地规模的综合实验、数值和案例研究。将进行实验室规模的水槽试验，以研究滑动体对刚性障碍物产生的冲击力。滑块将具有不同的孔隙率、质量以及释放高度和图案。在数值研究中，将建立一个三维光滑颗粒水动力学模型，该模型将结合接触算法、滑坡移动性公式、两相泥石流模型和并行计算的最新进展。所开发的数值模型将根据本研究中进行的实验室规模的水槽试验、其他人进行的详细的现场水槽试验以及长期滑坡的案例进行校准和验证。然后，充分验证的数值模型将被用来深入了解内部应力场、流固相互作用以及滑体的孔隙度、刚度和体积密度的演变对滑坡流动性的影响。

This Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) Program grant will advance the understanding of landslide mobility. Rapid flow-like landslides such as mud flows, debris flows, and rock avalanches are capable of mobilizing large volumes of soil and rock and impacting large areas, often far from their source because of their high mobility. Globally, rapid flow-like landslides cause billions of dollars in damage and thousands of deaths and injuries each year. As evidenced by the recent Oso Landslide (March 22, 2014) in Snohomish County, Washington, landslide mobility remains poorly understood. This award supports fundamental research to provide the knowledge needed for advancing the understanding of landslide mobility, and reliably predicting landslide runout. Results from this research will improve current landslide hazard assessment and ultimately help reduce future losses to society from these devastating geohazards. The international component of this project will foster international collaborations that contribute to the training of globally-engaged engineering students.The objective of this research is to advance the understanding of the effects of solid-like behaviors of landslide mass and fluid-solid interaction on landslide mobility, which play important roles but have been overlooked in the past. To achieve this objective, integrated experimental, numerical and case studies that span laboratory and field scales will be conducted. Laboratory-scale flume tests will be conducted to investigate the impact forces generated by a sliding mass on a rigid obstruction. The slide mass will have varied porosity, mass, and release height and pattern. In the numerical investigation, a three dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics model will be developed, which will incorporate the latest advancements in contact algorithms, formulations of landslide mobility, two-phase debris flow models, and parallel computing. The developed numerical model will be calibrated and validated against the laboratory-scale flume tests conducted in this research, well-documented field-scale flume tests conducted by others, and case histories of long-runout landslides. The fully validated numerical model will then be utilized to gain insights into the effects of internal stress field, fluid-solid interaction, and evolution of porosity, stiffness, and bulk density of the sliding mass on landslide mobility.