UNS: Organohalide Respiration: Improving our Understanding for Predictable Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation

[10131] novak, Paige j .标题：有机卤化物呼吸：提高我们对可预测的生物刺激和生物增强的理解在未来30年，美国环保署估计将花费2500亿美元来修复美国大约35万个受污染的地点，其中许多被氯化污染物污染。在受污染的环境中，已经发现了一种特殊的细菌，它们可以处理氯化污染物，产生毒性较小或无毒的化合物作为产物。这个拟议的项目将检查这些细菌的各个方面，以有效地处理地下的这些化合物，从而降低处理成本。在本项目中，将通过实验室实验来确定：(1)有机卤化物呼吸生物群落和编码脱氯活性的基因（rdh基因）在被氯化天然有机物富集时是如何变化的；(2)氯化物、氯化天然有机物或氯化污染物的浓度如何影响存在的有机卤化物呼吸生物数量和氯化天然有机物的降解速率，最后，(3)氯化天然有机物作为底漆对氯化污染物降解的有效性。本研究将通过研究氯化天然有机物脱氯过程中存在的rdh基因，进一步了解有机卤化物呼吸作用。此外，通过确定氯化的天然有机物质是否可以与氯化污染物（多氯联苯同系物）共降解，以及在这种情况下存在哪些rdh基因，将确定天然化合物的呼吸作用与污染物之间的关系。该研究对修复领域、生态学和地球化学循环具有重要意义，因为：(1)发现了天然有机氯循环的途径，(2)为rdhs的进化和调控开辟了进一步的研究途径，(3)指出了生物增强的生物来源，以及生物刺激的天然化合物来源。(4)促进开发一种工具，通过绘制存在的RDH基因来确定土壤的有机卤化物呼吸潜力。参与该项目的学生将接受多种实验方法的培训，在此研究中培养的实验和批判性思维技能将补充他们当前的课程和未来作为工程师/科学家的职业。

1510131Novak, Paige J.Title: Organohalide Respiration: Improving our Understanding for Predictable Biostimulation and BioaugmentationOver the next 30 years, the EPA has estimated that it will cost $250 billion to remediate approximately 350,000 contaminated sites in the US, many of which are contaminated with chlorinated pollutants. In contaminated environments bacteria of a specific kind have been identified that treat chlorinated pollutants, producing less- or non-toxic compounds as products. This proposed project will examine the various aspects of these bacteria to effectively treat these compounds in the ground, therefore lowering the cost of treatment.In this project, laboratory-based experiments will be performed to determine, (1) how the organohalide respiring community and genes that code for the dechlorinating activity (rdh genes) change when enriched with chlorinated natural organic matter, (2) how the concentration of chloride, chlorinated natural organic matter, or chlorinated pollutants affect the numbers of organohalide respiring organisms present and the degradation rate of chlorinated natural organic matter, and finally, (3) the effectiveness of chlorinated natural organic matter as a primer for the degradation of chlorinated pollutants. This research will further understanding of organohalide respiration by investigating the rdh genes present during the dechlorination of chlorinated natural organic matter. In addition, by determining whether or not chlorinated natural organic matter can be co-degraded with a chlorinated pollutant (a polychlorinated biphenyl congener) and which rdh genes are present when this occurs, the relationship between the respiration of natural compounds versus pollutants will be established. This research has critical implications for the remediation field, ecology, and geochemical cycling by (1)providing the discovery of a pathway for the cycling of natural organic chlorine, (2) opening an avenue for further research on the evolution and regulation of rdhs, (3) pointing to a source of organisms for bioaugmentation, and a source of natural compounds for biostimulation, and (4) facilitating the development of a tool to determine the organohalide respiration potential of a soil via the mapping of the rdh genes present. The students involved in this project will be trained in a variety of laboratory methods, and the experimental and critical thinking skills developed during this study will complement their current curriculum and future careers as engineers/scientists.