EAPSI:Resolving sources of volcanic and hydrothermal gases from the North Island of New Zealand

而像碳这样的挥发性元素在像新西兰海岸外的Hikurangi边缘这样的汇聚构造边缘被送回地球深处？在北岛，海洋沉积物中的一些碳通过火山和热液活动释放出来。碳的地质循环？无论是在像Hikurangi Margin这样的设置还是在全球范围内？对这一问题了解甚少，必须加以澄清，以评估人类活动对碳收支的影响。该奖项支持了第一次协调一致的挥发性采样和分析活动，旨在阐明相对于Hikurangi海沟，在地热系统中首先检测到板岩衍生的C，以及C释放的程度如何随着距离海沟的距离而变化。现场取样和分析将与新西兰GNS科学公司的Bruce christensen博士合作进行。除了总体碳循环预算外，将在北岛的弧前、火山中心（陶波火山带）和弧后区域进行的采样将用于约束沿俯冲板不同深度的各种碳、氮和氦储层的循环和脱挥发潜力。人们对弧前和弧后的脱挥发过程了解甚少，对造成挥发物释放的特定地球化学反应以及蚀变海洋地壳中碳酸盐对碳通量的潜在贡献也了解甚少。新的火山、热液和岩石样本将使俯冲带的热力学建模更加完整，具有局部和全球意义。全面的抽样和分析也将允许改进用于区分在俯冲带释放的挥发物来源的标准模型。该奖项是与新西兰皇家学会合作资助的。

While volatile elements like carbon are returned to the deep Earth at convergent tectonic margins like the Hikurangi Margin off the coast of New Zealand?s North Island, some carbon in marine sediments is released through volcanic and hydrothermal activity. Geologic cycling of carbon ? both at settings like the Hikurangi Margin and globally ? is poorly understood and must be clarified to evaluate anthropogenic effects on the carbon budget. This award supports the first concerted volatile sampling and analysis campaign aimed at elucidating where, relative to the Hikurangi Trench, slab-derived C is first detected in geothermal systems and how the extent of C release changes with distance from the trench. Field sampling and analysis will be conducted in collaboration with Dr. Bruce Christenson of GNS Science, New Zealand.In addition to the overall carbon cycling budget, the sampling that will be conducted in the fore-arc, volcanic center (the Taupo Volcanic Zone), and back-arc regions of the North Island will be used to constrain cycling and devolatilization potential of various carbon, nitrogen, and helium reservoirs at different depths along the subducting slab. Fore- and back-arc devolatilization processes are poorly understood, as are the particular geochemical reactions responsible for volatile release and the potential for carbonate in altered oceanic crust to contribute to carbon fluxes. New volcanic, hydrothermal, and rock samples will enable more complete thermodynamic modeling of subduction zones, with local as well as global implications. Comprehensive sampling and analysis will also permit refinement of standard models used to distinguish sources of volatiles released at subduction zones. This award is funded in collaboration with the Royal Society of New Zealand.