Collaborative Research: ABI Development: ORIGIN: Origin Inference from Geospatial Isotope Networks

长途迁徙是一种独特而重要的行为，对环境和生态系统具有广泛的影响。动物在迁徙过程中面临着直接的威胁，从严重的营养压力到与风电场和其他人为危害的潜在相互作用。迁徙将动物的地理终点联系起来？动物的生命周期和迁徙模式决定了动物在何时何地依赖可能因人类活动而受到威胁或经历变化的栖息地。移徙途径是指移徙者携带的疾病、寄生虫和营养物质的潜在传播途径。尽管迁徙的重要性早已得到公认，但关于大多数动物迁徙模式的详细信息却非常有限。由于新技术的发展和将不同类型的数据结合起来提供关于动物迁徙的补充信息的潜力，迁徙研究领域有望取得重大进展。ORIGIN项目将代表生物学家、地球化学家和计算机科学家之间的合作，开发软件和数据库资源，使研究人员能够利用一种特别强大的方法来重建迁移模式。利用保存在迁徙者身体组织中的天然化学信号。在这项研究过程中，ORIGIN团队将开发对科学家广泛有用的新统计方法，并将为研究生提供新的跨学科培训，并为来自stem代表性不足群体的本科生提供研究机会。ORIGIN项目的目标是开发数据和分析资源，通过增加使用和标准化同位素迁移研究方法，促进在了解动物迁移的生态、进化、生理和生物地球化学方面取得重大进展。ORIGIN将由两个综合平台组成，共同提供数据资源、分析工具和项目支持，以简化对迁徙动物样本数据的分析。首先，IsoMAP网络- gis平台的更新将增强其提供及时、权威和全面的地图数据产品和描述环境中同位素变化模式的模型的能力。其次，这些产品将用于为R编程环境开发的新软件包，该软件包将提供一套可访问但灵活的工具，支持1)分析同位素和非同位素数据，以评估个体的迁移来源，包括两种不同的贝叶斯方法，用于整合来自多个制造者的数据，2)规划同位素支持的迁移研究项目，以及3)生成用于评估统计分配结果的分析。ORIGIN将开发支持广泛科学社区的基础设施，并将支持培训和科学推广项目，包括空间科学研究生短期课程和为stem代表性不足群体的本科生提供以人类迁徙为重点的研究机会。项目结果将在http://isomap.org上散发。

Long-distance migration is a unique and important behavior with widespread implications for environmental and ecological systems. Animals face direct threats during migration ranging from severe nutritional stress to potential interactions with wind farms and other anthropogenic hazards. Migration links the geographic endpoints of an animal?s life cycle, and patterns of migration determine where and when animals are dependent on habitats that may be threatened or experiencing change due to human activities. Pathways of migration represent potential transmission paths for diseases, parasites, and nutrients carried by migrants. Despite the long-recognized significance of migration, detailed information on migration patterns for most animals is remarkably limited. The field of migration research is poised for major advances due to the development of new technologies and the potential to combine different types of data providing complementary information on animal migration. The ORIGIN project will represent a collaboration between biologists, geochemists, and computer scientists to develop software and database resources allowing researchers to take advantage of one particularly powerful method of reconstructing migration patterns ? the use of natural chemical signals preserved in the body tissues of migrants. In the course of this research the ORIGIN team will develop new statistical approaches that are widely useful to scientists and will provide novel interdisciplinary training to graduate students and research opportunities for undergraduates from STEM-underrepresented groups.The goal of the ORIGIN project is to develop data and analytical resources that facilitate major advances in understanding of ecological, evolutionary, physiological, and biogeochemical dimensions of animal migration by increasing the use and standardization of isotope-enabled migration research methods. ORIGIN will consist of two integrated platforms that together provide the data resources, analytical tools, and project support necessary to streamline the analysis of data from migratory animal samples. First, updates to the IsoMAP web-GIS platform will enhance its ability to provide timely, authoritative, and comprehensive map data products and models describing patterns of isotopic variation in the environment. Second, these products will be used by a new package developed for the R programming environment that will provide an accessible but flexible suite of tools supporting 1) analysis of isotopic and non-isotopic data to evaluate the migratory origin of individuals, including two distinct Bayesian approaches for integration of data from multiple makers, 2) planning of isotope-enabled migration research projects, and 3) generation of analytics for assessment of statistical assignment results. ORIGIN will develop infrastructure that will support a wide range of scientific communities, and will support training and scientific outreach programs including a graduate short course in spatial sciences and human migration-focused research opportunities for undergraduates from STEM-underrepresented groups. Project results will be disseminated at http://isomap.org.