Evaluating the Influence of Ecoroof Surfaces on Indoor Air Quality

1605843美国人90%的时间待在建筑物里，因此暴露在空气污染环境中的空气质量在很大程度上取决于室内空气质量。室内空气质量的一个关键决定因素是室内空间与室外空气的通风。建筑物通风率的提高与居住者健康、满意度和生产率的改善相关。然而，通过增加通风来改善室内空气质量，最终取决于室外空气的质量。Ecoroofs是一种越来越受欢迎的提高建筑可持续性的策略，这种策略可以使建筑表面长满植物，使其可能靠近建筑-S新风送风(通常是屋顶)。虽然空气质量模型表明，生态圈可以从城市大气中去除大量的空气污染物，但目前还没有研究生态圈如何影响同一建筑室内空气质量的实证研究。城市生态系统的空气质量研究通常只考虑空气污染物的沉积，然而，植物释放的挥发性化合物可能会降低室内空气质量，或者参与导致刺激性或有害空气污染物形成的二次化学作用。因此，有必要对植被生态系统表面空气污染物的源、汇和转化进行批判性和整体性评价。研究生态环境如何影响室内空气质量，对于开发更可持续的建筑设计和确定增强城市环境可持续性的协同机会至关重要。这项研究将通过一个整体的方法来研究生态环境对室内空气质量的影响，以解决两个基本而又相互关联的研究问题：1)建筑屋顶的设计如何影响空气污染物的沉积、处理和排放？2)生态系统对室内空气质量有何影响？这个项目将结合广泛和创新的数据收集来解决这些问题，这些数据收集整合了生态学、生物学和建筑科学方法。具体调查将包括在波特兰对48个屋顶表面进行广泛的实地调查，在一个双生态/白色薄膜屋顶的商业设施进行密集的空气质量监测研究，以及实验室规模的调查。现场测量和实验室参数将用于统计模型和物质平衡，以解释城市环境、生态环境和室内空气质量之间的关系。该项目将提供数据，帮助人们更好地了解生态系统与室内空气质量之间的相互作用。该项目的数据、参数化和模型将通过将室内空气质量影响整合到生态系统和城市绿地设计中，为建筑可持续发展实践提供信息。研究结果将有助于确定改善室内空气质量和减少人类暴露在空气污染物中的机会。该项目将与波特兰市和当地绿顶信息智库(GRIT)密切合作，让社区参与这项工作，并向公众和行业传播成果。

1605843 Starry, OlyssaAmericans spend 90% of their time in buildings, resulting in exposures to air pollution being largely dictated by indoor air quality. One key determinant of indoor air quality is ventilation of indoor spaces with outside air. Increased rates of building ventilation have been correlated with improved occupant health, satisfaction, and productivity. However, improved indoor air quality, from increased ventilation, is ultimately contingent on the quality of outdoor air. Ecoroofs are an increasingly popular strategy for improving building sustainability that result in vegetated building surfaces that may be in close proximity to a building?s outdoor air supply (often rooftop). While air quality models indicate that ecoroofs may remove substantial quantities of air pollutants from urban atmospheres, no empirical studies are known that investigate how an ecoroof may affect the indoor air quality of the same building. Urban air quality studies of ecoroofs typically consider only deposition of air pollutants, however, there is precedence for vegetation to emit volatile compounds that may degrade indoor air quality or participate in secondary chemistries which results in the formation of irritating or harmful air pollutants. Therefore, there is a need to critically and holistically evaluate source, sink, and transformations of air pollutants at vegetated ecoroof surfaces. Examining how ecoroofs may impact indoor air quality is critical for developing more sustainable building designs and for identifying synergistic opportunities to enhance the sustainability of the urban environment. This research will investigate the effects of ecoroofs on indoor air quality with a holistic approach that addresses two fundamental, yet interrelated research questions: 1) How does the design of a building rooftop affect deposition, processing, and emissions of air pollutants? and 2) How might ecoroofs affect indoor air quality? This project will address these questions with a combination of extensive and innovative data collection that integrates ecology, biology, and building science approaches. Specific investigations will include a broad field survey of 48 roof surfaces in Portland, OR, an intensive air quality monitoring study at a commercial facility with a dual ecoroof/white membrane roof, and bench-scale laboratory investigations. Field measurements and laboratory parameterizations will be used in statistical models and material balances to explain relationships between the urban environment, ecoroofs, and indoor air quality. This project will provide data that leads to an improved understanding of ecoroof-indoor air quality interactions. The data, parameterizations, and models from this project will inform building sustainability practices by enabling indoor air quality impacts to be integrated into ecoroof and urban green-surface design. Study outcomes will help identify opportunities to improve indoor air quality and reduce human exposure to air pollutants. The project will work closely with the City of Portland and the local Greenroof Information Thinktank (GRIT) to engage the community in this work and disseminate results to the public as well as industry.