Detection of Fast Radio Bursts from Cosmic Radio Sources with Arecibo and the Green Bank Telescope

1.宇宙中的剧烈爆炸事件通常会产生天文学家探测到的相对短暂的信号。 一个巨大的，突然增加的亮度伴随着超新星爆炸，完全摧毁了星星。 简报？唧唧声？2015年9月，激光干涉引力波天文台探测到的引力辐射来自两个大质量黑洞的合并。 2007年，A？唧唧声？持续千分之几秒的无线电发射标志着发现了一种以前未知的天文物体。 天文学家认为，这和其他所谓的？快速无线电爆发？（FRB）起源于宇宙中遥远的星系。 为了找出FRB的来源，天文学家需要发现更多的例子，确定它们的属性，如果可能的话，将它们与以其他方式观察到的事件进行识别。 该项目将在位于波多黎各的阿雷西博的1000英尺直径射电望远镜和西弗吉尼亚州的绿色银行望远镜上部署无线电探测器。 探测器将自动搜索FRB，并在几分钟内传达发现，以便进行后续观察。 科学家们还将通过公共网站、3D视频和天文馆项目向公众分享他们的研究结果。 甚至他们的本科生也会帮忙。 他们每年将向3,600多名K-12学生传达射电天文学研究的兴奋。2007年发现的一个明亮的毫秒射电暴表明存在着一个以前未知的射电源群。 最近发现的更多这些快速射电爆发（FRB）证实了这一群体的存在，这被誉为近几十年来射电天文学最重要的发现之一。 典型的持续时间为几毫秒，FRB的频率非常分散，这表明它起源于银河系外。 该项目的主要目标是在波多黎各的阿雷西博射电望远镜和绿色银行望远镜上部署自主专用探测器，以便在大片天空中搜索更多的瞬态事件，从而迅速提供探测结果（在几分钟内）在电磁波谱的其他部分和引力波数据的后续观测，并记录和表征这些检测的性质。 主要研究人员预计每年会发现数十个FRB，并可能发现爆发的银河系中子星和可能全新的瞬变射电源。 主要研究人员也有一个广泛和完善的计划，利用他们的研究更广泛的社会影响。 其中包括一个公共网站，用于向非科学家快速传播他们的结果，每年由本科生向3，600多名K-12学生介绍射电天文学，以及开发有关研究的3D视频，该视频具有很强的吸引公众兴趣并通过天文学向公众教授科学的潜力。

1. Violent, explosive events throughout the Universe often produce relatively brief signals that astronomers detect. A huge, abrupt increase in brightness accompanies a supernova explosion that completely destroys the star. The brief ?chirp? of gravitational radiation detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory in September 2015 came from the merger of two massive black holes. And in 2007, a ?chirp? of radio emission lasting a few thousandths of a second signaled the discovery of a previously unknown class of astronomical object. Astronomers think that this and other so-called ?Fast Radio Bursts? (FRBs) originate in distant galaxies far out in the Universe. To find out what are the sources of the FRBs, astronomers need to discover many more examples, determine their properties, and if possible identify them with events observed in other ways. This project will deploy radio detectors at the 1000-foot-diameter radio telescope in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, and at the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia. The detectors will conduct automated searches for FRBs and communicate the discoveries within minutes to enable follow-up observations. The scientists will also share their results to the general public through a public website, a 3D video, and planetarium programs. Even their undergraduate students will help. They will convey the excitement of research in radio astronomy to more than 3,600 K-12 students each year.2. A bright millisecond radio burst discovered in 2007 indicated the existence of a previously unknown population of radio sources. Recent discoveries of more of these Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) has confirmed the existence of this population, which has been hailed as one of the most important discoveries in radio astronomy in recent decades. With typical durations of a few milliseconds, FRBs are strongly dispersed in frequency, suggesting an extragalactic origin. The primary goal of this project is to deploy autonomous dedicated detectors at the Arecibo radio telescope in Puerto Rico and at the Green Bank Telescope to search for more of these transient events across large swaths of the sky, to make the detections rapidly available (within minutes) for follow-up observations at other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum and in gravitational-wave data, and to record and characterize the properties of these detections. The Principal Investigators anticipate finding dozens of FRBs each year as well as possibly discovering bursting Galactic neutron stars and possibly completely new classes of transient radio sources. The Principal Investigators also have an extensive and well-developed plan to employ their research for broader societal impacts. These include a public website for rapid dissemination of their results to non-scientists, presentations about radio astronomy by undergraduates to more than 3,600 K-12 students per year, and the development of a 3D video about the research that has strong potential to grab the public interest and teach the public about science through astronomy.