CAREER: Advanced data analytics and high-resolution cervical auscultation can accurately predict dysphagia

1652203- SejdicDysphagia（吞咽障碍）每年导致150，000例住院，增加肺炎发病率，每年增加220，000额外住院天数。目前吞咽困难的风险是通过筛查来评估的，而筛查失败则会导致诊断的金标准，即视频荧光透视x射线检查。然而，许多吸入（将食物或饮料吸入肺部）的患者通过了初始筛查，因为他们安静地吸入。因此，这个CAREER项目建议开发全新的计算工具，结合从颈部到屏幕的高分辨率振动和声音记录用于吞咽困难。 首先，该项目将推进计算模型，从颈部的振动和声音记录中检测吞咽活动。其次，该项目将推进从颈部进行振动和录音的技术，以更好地了解呼吸道在吞咽过程中如何保护自己以避免误吸，以及在吞咽困难期间如何受到影响。 该项目的成功将减少无声误吸的发生率，但也将减少过度保守建议的必要性，这些建议可能会限制患有神经残疾（例如中风，MS，ALS）的人的饮食，这些人有更大的吞咽困难风险。 教育和外展活动的重点是增加对应用新的计算技术治疗吞咽障碍的兴趣，以及鼓励代表性不足的学生群体在STEM领域追求教育和职业生涯。PI的长期研究目标是利用计算方法和仪器来培养创新工程研究的转化，以临床相关的解决方案治疗吞咽障碍。因此，本CAREER提案的研究目标是推进全新的数据分析工具，与高分辨率颈部听诊（HRCA -颈部的加速度计和麦克风记录）结合使用，以便通过仪器筛选吞咽困难。HRCA筛查设备可以检测由吞咽困难引起的咽部振动。到目前为止，目前的设备不能在患者处于危险中之前检测到无声吸入。需要在数据分析方面取得新的根本性进展，这是拟议计划的主要研究贡献。私家侦探？的长期教育目标是将吞咽困难数据分析的进展转化为教育模块，传播给广泛的临床和工程受众。因此，教育目标是为高中创造跨学科的培训机会（例如，教育模块将分布在美国各地），工程本科生和研究生（例如，容易访问的开放式在线课程），同时也将该项目的结果传播给临床受众（例如，大轮）。此外，项目将侧重于鼓励代表性不足的群体在STEM领域寻求教育和职业机会。

1652203- SejdicDysphagia (swallowing disorders) causes 150,000 annual hospitalizations, increases pneumonia incidence, and adds 220,000 additional days to hospital admissions each year. Dysphagia risk is currently assessed via screening, and a failed screen then leads to the diagnostic gold-standard, the videofluoroscopic x-ray test. However, many patients who aspirate (take food or drink into their lungs) pass initial screens because they aspirate silently. Therefore, this CAREER project proposes to develop fundamentally new computational tools to be used in conjunction with high-resolution vibration and sound recordings from the neck to screen for dysphagia. First, the project will advance computational models to detect the activities of swallowing from vibration and sound recordings from the neck. Second, the project will advance techniques for making vibration and sound recordings from the neck to better understand how the airway normally protects itself during swallowing to avoid aspiration, and how this is affected during dysphagia. Success in this project will reduce incidence of silent aspiration, but it will also reduce the necessity for overly conservative recommendations that might limit eating and drinking for individuals with neurological disabilities (e.g. stroke, MS, ALS) who are at greater risk of dysphagia. Educational and outreach activities focus on increasing interest in applying new computational techniques to swallowing disorders, as well as encouraging underrepresented groups of students to pursue education and careers in STEM fields.The PI's long-term research goal is to utilize computational approaches and instrumentation to nurture translation of innovative engineering research to clinically relevant solutions for dysphagia. Therefore, the research objective of this CAREER proposal is the advancement of fundamentally new data analytics tools to be used in conjunction with high-resolution cervical auscultation (HRCA - accelerometer and microphone recordings from the neck) in order to instrumentally screen for dysphagia. The HRCA screening device can detect pharyngeal vibrations caused by dysphagia. As of yet the current device cannot detect silent aspiration before patients are placed at risk. New fundamental advances in data analytics are needed, which is the main research contribution of the proposed program. The PI?s long-term educational goal is to translate advances in dysphagia data analytics into educational modules that will be disseminated to a wide clinical and engineering audience. Hence, the educational objective is to create interdisciplinary training opportunities for high school (e.g., educational modules to be distributed across the US), engineering undergraduate, and graduate students (e.g., an easily accessible open online course), while disseminating the results of this project to a clinical audience as well (e.g., grand rounds). In addition, projects will focus on encouraging underrepresented groups to pursue education and career opportunities in STEM fields.