Weighing the Smallest Exoplanets: Support for An Interdisciplinary Workshop

在研究其他恒星周围的行星时，需要被称为径向速度测量的望远镜观测，原因有两个：首先，这些观测是寻找距离恒星非常近的行星的最佳方法之一。其次，对于在其轨道上运行在恒星前面的行星，这些观测将告诉天文学家行星的重量。第三届极精密径向速度研讨会将汇集150-200名天文学家、工程师和数学家，讨论如何改进仪器和计算方法，以便他们能够发现和研究其他恒星周围最小的类地行星。这次会议将通过促进科学进步来服务于国家利益，届时将讨论和分享寻找这些类地行星所需的提高望远镜观测精度的成功、挑战和计划。会议将持续四天，讲座和海报中夹杂着小组讨论。首席研究人员请求支持名为“第三届极精密径向速度研讨会(EPRV III)”的会议。本次国际研讨会将着重介绍恒星的极高精度(1米/S)多普勒测速技术，重点是在实现10厘米/S径向速度精度方面的具体挑战，这是探测和表征G和K矮星周围的地球类比所必需的。会议将汇集150至200名仪器团队参与者，包括观测和理论天文学家、统计学家、工程师、高性能计算从业者、太阳物理学家以及其他联系这些类别的人。与会者将讨论建造EPRV仪器所面临的重大硬件挑战，从最新一代EPRV仪器中获得的成功和教训，信号提取、分析和抖动缓解的新统计和计算方法，以及恒星颗粒和其他抖动源的物理模型和光谱诊断。一个计划的成果是编写一份白皮书，针对即将到来的天文学和天体物理学十年调查中EPRV仪器的作用。会议计划持续四天，将包括受邀的全体会议，在两次会议之间分配时间进行讨论，就更专门的主题举行分组会议，并将在整个会议上展示海报。

In the study of planets around other stars, telescopic observations called radial velocity measurements are needed for two reasons: First, these observations are one of the best methods for finding planets that are located very close to their stars. Second, for planets that move in front of their stars in their orbits, these observations tell astronomers the weight of the planets. The Third Workshop on Extremely Precise Radial Velocities will bring together 150 - 200 astronomers, engineers, and mathematicians to discuss ways to improve instruments and computing methods so that they can find and study the smallest Earth-like planets around other stars. This conference will serve the national interest by promoting the progress of science when successes, challenges, and plans to improve the precision of the telescopic observations needed to find these Earth-like planets are discussed and shared. The conference will last four days, and have talks and posters mixed with group discussions.The Principal Investigator requests support for a conference entitled "The Third Workshop on Extremely Precise Radial Velocities (EPRV III)." This international workshop will emphasize the discipline of extremely precise (1 m/s) Doppler velocimetry of stars, focusing on specific challenges toward achieving the 10 cm/s radial velocity precision needed to detect and characterize Earth analogs around G and K dwarf stars. The conference will assemble 150 to 200 instrument team participants, including observational and theoretical astronomers, statisticians, engineers, practitioners in high performance computing, heliophysicists, and others bridging these categories. The participants will address the significant hardware challenges specific to building EPRV instruments, the successes and lessons learned from the latest generation of EPRV instrumentation, new statistical and computational methods for signal extraction, analysis and jitter mitigation, and physical models and spectral diagnostics of stellar granulation and other sources of jitter. One planned outcome is a white paper directed at the role of EPRV instruments for the upcoming astronomy and astrophysics Decadal Survey. The conference is planned to last four days and will consist of invited plenary talks with time allocated for discussion between talks, breakout sessions on more specialized topics, and posters that will be displayed for the entire meeting.