CAREER: Cryptography and Privacy in the Age of Quantum Computers

量子计算机利用量子物理的特性来解决复杂的计算问题，有望对密码学和隐私产生重大而深远的影响。在开发这些设备方面正在取得重大进展，这表明量子计算在未来几十年内可能是可行的。一旦可行，量子计算机将开辟新的攻击媒介，使许多当前的密码系统变得不安全。这个项目正在构建新的协议来防止这些新的量子攻击向量。示例包括多方计算、公钥加密、分组密码等。同时，这项研究也在设计新颖的系统，这些系统实际上利用量子计算来执行以前不可能完成的令人兴奋的新加密任务。作为这些目标的一部分，该项目正在为在量子计算机存在的情况下研究和分析密码系统开发新的理论基础。最后，本项目正在开发和研究量子环境下的差分隐私新理论，并设计新的量子差分隐私协议，提供改进的隐私保证。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Quantum computers, which harness the peculiarities of quantum physics to solve hard computational problems, are poised to deliver significant and far-reaching impacts to cryptography and privacy. Significant progress is being made in developing these devices, indicating that quantum computing will likely be viable in the next couple decades. Once viable, quantum computers will open up new attack vectors that will render many current cryptosystems insecure.This project is building new protocols to protect against these new quantum attack vectors. Examples include multiparty computation, public key cryptography, block ciphers, and more. Simultaneously, this research is also devising novel systems that actually take advantage of quantum computing to perform exciting new cryptographic tasks that were not previously possible. As part of these goals, the project is developing new theoretical foundations for studying and analyzing cryptosystems in the presence of quantum computers. Finally, this project is developing and studying a new theory of differential privacy in the quantum setting and devising new quantum differentially-private protocols that provide improved privacy guarantees.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.