RAPID: Social and Geophysical Influences on Evacuation Decision Making for Hurricane Irma

这一快速奖项将支持快速反应研究，通过收集2017年9月飓风伊尔玛登陆佛罗里达州前几天人员疏散期间的实时数据，记录和分析社会和地球物理影响对飓风疏散决策的影响。在灾害发生前收集的短暂数据将加强对地球物理和社会因素在影响撤离者面对自然灾害的决策方面所起作用的基本了解。通过综合地球物理和社会因素，该项目将提供个人与备灾和恢复服务有关的新见解，作为促进社区复原力的一种方式。灾害管理者将能够将这一新知识融入到更有针对性的灾害教育活动中，项目结果将提供有关社交媒体和移动技术日益增长的兴趣如何影响备灾的新信息和见解。此外，这项研究的结果将对联邦、州和地方机构以及急救人员有用，以帮助未来制定除飓风以外的危险的决策。无论投入多少资源来改进应急沟通和规划策略，了解人类行为对成功的疏散工作至关重要。这一基础研究项目将使用实时数据收集来提供有关实际疏散决策过程的新数据和新视角，而不是依赖于可能扭曲的记忆回忆的更传统的回顾方法。调查组将与撤离者进行调查，以了解影响他们决定撤离的地球物理和社会影响因素。将使用混合方法来分析影响疏散状况的因素，以及社会关系的可靠性和社会人口统计之间的关系。在作出撤离决定时，有关社会关系和社会网络的密切程度的新知识将使灾害管理人员能够开展更有针对性和更有效的灾害教育活动。关于影响疏散决策因素的新知识也将超越灾难规划和管理，在公共卫生、社会工作和行为健康等其他领域提供新的见解。

This RAPID award will support rapid-response research that documents and analyzes the effect of social and geophysical influences on hurricane evacuation decision making by collecting real-time data during an evacuation of people in the days prior to the landfall of Hurricane Irma in Florida in September 2017. The ephemeral data collected just prior to a disaster occurrence will enhance basic understanding of the role that geophysical and social factors play in influencing decisions by evacuees in the face of natural disasters. By integrating both geophysical and social factors, the project will provide new insights relating individuals to preparedness and recovery services as a way to promote community resiliency. Hazard managers will be able to integrate this new knowledge into more targeted disaster-education campaigns, and project findings will provide new information and insights regarding the ways that the growing interest in social media and mobile technology affects preparedness. Furthermore, outcomes from this research will be useful to federal, state, and local agencies and to first-responders to aid future decision making for hazards other than hurricanes.Regardless of investments in resources to improve emergency communication and planning strategies, understanding human behavior is paramount to a successful evacuation effort. This basic research project will use real-time data collection to provide new data and perspectives about the actual evacuation decision-making process rather than a more traditional retrospective approach that relies on potentially distorted memory recall. The investigative team will conduct surveys with evacuees to learn about the geophysical and social influences that have factored in their decision to evacuate. A mixed-methods approach will be used to analyze factors that impact evacuation status as well as relationships between the dependability of social connections and social demographics. New knowledge regarding the closeness of social connections and dependability social networks at the time when decisions are made to evacuate will enable hazard managers to engage in more targeted and effective disaster education campaigns. The new knowledge about factors that influence evacuation decision making also will be valuable beyond disaster planning and management, providing new insights in other domains, such as public health, social work, and behavioral health.