Collaborative Research: Soil-Structure-Water Interaction Effects in Buried Reservoirs - Centrifuge and Numerical Modeling

地下蓄水池是世界各地城市的重要生命线结构，包括美国西海岸的主要城市中心。 由于地震破坏而突然释放的蓄水可能导致拥挤的城市居民区发生灾难性的洪水，并严重阻碍因地震相关火灾而进行的灭火工作。这可能导致重大生命损失。 此外，这些水库对震后恢复和经济活动的恢复至关重要，因此需要具有抗震能力。 目前地下水库抗震设计的实践主要是基于简化程序。 本项目将研究地下水库的地震反应，重点是结构、土壤和所含水的相互作用，目的是提高我们正确设计这种类型结构的能力。 该研究包括物理（离心机）和数值模拟的综合方案。 从岩土工程和结构工程的角度来看，了解地震荷载过程中涉及的基本相互作用对水库设计有直接的影响。 该项目将推进一类具有重要生命安全和震后恢复作用的关键生命线设施的研究和实践。 在地震复原力方面，这项研究将提供必要的数据，以便对重大地震事件期间和之后埋在地下的水库设施的预期性能进行更可靠的估计，并将在经济和环境可持续性方面取得进展。 通过使关键基础设施更具弹性，该项目的研究结果将提高我们城市中心的弹性。在其推广计划中，该项目将通过教育模块和研究成果的贡献影响全国各地的学生团体，并特别支持妇女在岩土工程方面的成功。 互动式K-12教育模块的开发和与K-12女学生的接触，以及参观加州大学戴维斯分校NHERI图书馆设施的团体，该项目旨在研究地下水库的地震反应，重点是土壤-结构-水的相互作用（SSWI）包括对流体动力学载荷的作用知之甚少。 这将通过离心机和数值模拟的综合方案来实现。 实验和数值模拟的目的是量化的影响：（a）刚度的土壤墙系统，（B）地面运动强度，（c）屋顶和回填的惯性响应，（d）流体响应，对这些结构的高度非线性响应。 加州大学戴维斯分校的NHERI离心机实验设施将用于测试。 实验数据将用于两个目的：第一，了解这些类型的结构中的土-水-结构相互作用，第二，开发数值建模协议和实验验证的建模方法，使专业人员能够提高现有预测工具的能力和可靠性，并实现这些重要生命线结构的设计和施工中基于性能的工程的好处。 将使用校准模型进行参数研究，以提出设计建议。 该项目的数据将通过NHERI Cyberinfrastructure DesignSafe数据存储库进行管理、存档并向公众提供。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Buried water storage reservoirs are important lifeline structures in cities worldwide, including major urban centers on the U.S. West Coast. Sudden release of impounded water due to earthquake damage can lead to catastrophic flooding in congested urban residential neighborhoods, and severely impede fire suppression efforts due to earthquake related fires. This may lead to significant loss of life. Moreover, these reservoirs are essential for post-earthquake recovery and resumption of economic activity, and thus need to be seismically resilient. Current state-of-practice for the seismic design of buried water storage reservoirs is primarily based on simplified procedures. This project will investigate the seismic response of buried reservoirs focusing on the interaction of the structure, the soil and the contained water, with the objective of advancing our ability to properly design this type of structure. The research encompasses an integrated program of physical (centrifuge) and numerical modeling. Understanding the fundamental interactions involved during seismic loading has immediate implications for reservoir design, from both geotechnical and structural engineering perspectives. This project will advance the state-of-research and practice for a class of critical lifeline facilities with essential life safety and post-earthquake recovery roles. In the context of earthquake resiliency, this research will provide the data necessary to develop more reliable estimates of anticipated performance of buried reservoir facilities during and after a major seismic event, and will make inroads into economic and environmental sustainability. By rendering critical infrastructure more resilient, the findings of this project will improve the resilience of our urban centers. In its outreach program, this project will impact student groups across the nation via the contribution of educational modules as well as research findings, and support the success of women in geotechnical engineering in particular. The development of interactive K-12 educational modules and engagement with K-12 female students, as well as groups visiting the NHERI Centrifuge Facility at UC Davis, will foster the development of a long term relationship and exposure of female students to geotechnical earthquake engineering.This project aims at studying the seismic response of buried reservoirs focusing on the soil-structure-water interaction (SSWI) including the poorly understood role of hydrodynamic loading. This will be achieved through an integrated program of centrifuge and numerical modeling. The experimental and numerical modeling is designed to quantify the influence of the: (a) stiffness of the soil-wall system, (b) ground motion intensity, (c) roof and backfill inertial response, and (d) fluid response, on the highly nonlinear response of these structures. The NHERI centrifuge experimental facility at UC Davis will be used for the tests. Experimental data will serve two purposes: first, to understand soil-water-structure interaction in these types of structures, and second to develop numerical modeling protocols and experimentally validated modeling approaches that will allow the profession to advance the capacity and reliability of existing predictive tools and realize the benefits of performance-based engineering in the design and construction of these important lifeline structures. Parametric studies using calibrated models will be conducted to make design recommendations. Data from this project will be curated, archived and made available to the public through the NHERI Cyberinfrastructure DesignSafe data repository.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.