The Role Of Population Movement In The Origin Of Complex Society

社会的变化和发展是由于各种不同的原因。在某些地方，这一进程似乎是由于特定资源和技术在当地的转移和强化。在另一些国家，外部影响（可能是通过移民）可以促进增长和变化。物质文化的明显转变可以从考古记录中识别出来，但其背后的原因可能不那么明显。位于墨西哥奇瓦瓦州的帕基姆考古遗址在公元1200年左右经历了一次引人注目的荧光。这种变化的原因被认为是当地人口聚集到市中心，或者可能是由于墨西哥南部文明的移民涌入。利用古代DNA研究，这项研究将有助于理解大西南地区，特别是卡萨斯格兰德斯地区的移民作用，这可以扩展到其他地区，在这些地区，移民可能影响社会复杂性的发展，并作为既定文化结构重大变化的催化剂。外展将包括向K-12学生介绍与STEM科学相关的方法。此外，一个暑期项目将为感兴趣的大学生提供实践培训。博士生也将获得资助，以帮助他们完成学位。移民是一种基本的人类行为。它如何影响人口，特别是如何刺激创造性和经济增长，我们可以通过回顾人类历史来更好地理解。研究人员将利用一些最新的技术来收集不同时期的基因数据，以检测帕奎姆地区占用率的变化。特别是，遗传数据是否表明移民是卡萨斯大地区发生重大变化的潜在原因？或者，不同时期种群之间的基因同质性是否暗示了文化荧光的局部推动力？该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Societies change and grow due to a variety of different reasons. In certain locations, it seems that this process is due to a local shift and intensification in specific resources and technologies. In others, an outside influence, potentially through migration, can catalyze growth and change. Clear shifts in material culture can be identified in the archaeological record, but the reasoning behind them may not be quite as obvious. The archaeological site of Paquim, in Chihuahua, Mexico, is a site that underwent a dramatic fluorescence around 1200 A.D. The reasons for this change have been suggested to be an aggregation of local populations into the city center, or perhaps due to an influx of migrants from the southern civilizations in Mexico. Using ancient DNA studies, this research will contribute to understanding the role of migration in the Greater Southwest and specifically in the Casas Grandes area, which can be extended to other regions where migration potentially influenced the development of social complexity and worked as a catalyst for significant changes in established cultural fabrics. Outreach will include the introduction of methods related to the STEM sciences to K-12 students. Also, a summer program will allow for hands-on training for interested university students. A doctoral student will also be funded to aid in their degree completion. Migration is a fundamental human act. How it may influence populations, and in particular spur creative and economic growth, is something one can better understand by looking at human history. The researchers will utilize some of the most recent technologies to collect genetic data from different time periods to detect changes in the occupancy of the Paquim region. In particular, does genetic data suggest that migration was a potential reason for the significant shift in the Casas Grandes region? Or does genetic homogeneity between populations during different time periods suggest a local impetus for the cultural fluorescence?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.