CAREER: Astronomical Research, Instrumentation & Education with Undergraduates via ZINGRS

在亚毫米波长下的高红移观测使我们能够回顾过去，见证恒星和星系的过去历史。 z（红移）和早期宇宙光谱仪（ZEUS）将测量ZEUS调查的星系参考样本（ZINGRS）的星系，以追踪该星系样本的元素，恒星和气体丰度从红移1到3的演变，这是星星形成速率处于峰值的时期，从而了解恒星和星系在这个关键时期的演变。 将启动针对少数民族和低收入家庭的家庭科学计划，以培养成人和儿童的科学素养和STEM能力。威诺纳州立大学的预备高中科学教师？在私家侦探的指导下将领导这个项目的演讲，本科生将担任项目助理。威诺纳州立大学的本科生将通过参与观测和开发这项研究所需的硬件来提高他们的STEM技能。在亚毫米波长处对高红移星系的地面观测受到大气吸收带的限制，特别是对于红移范围为1至3的星系。 本研究克服了这一局限性，可以应用于所有的高红移范围。 它使用一个或两个精细结构线检测，并将它们与无线电连续测量相结合，以充分表征星系，使更多的星系比通过精细结构线单独研究。 它采用z（Redshift）和早期宇宙光谱仪（ZEUS）测量来自ZEUS调查的星系参考样品（ZINGRS）的高红移星系的远红外精细结构线，并结合JVLA观测的射电连续谱。通过结合这些观测，这些星系在红移1至3处的金属丰度、星际介质和恒星种群将被表征，追踪宇宙中星星形成高峰时期星系的演化。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

High redshift observations at sub-millimeter wavelengths allow us to look back in time to witness the past history of stars and galaxies. The z(Redshift) and Early Universe Spectrometer (ZEUS) will measure the ZEUS INvestigated Galaxy Reference Sample (ZINGRS) of galaxies to trace the evolution of this sample of galaxies abundance of elements, stars, and gas from redshifts of 1 to 3, the epoch when the rate of star formation was at its peak, resulting in an understanding of the evolution of stars and galaxies at this critical epoch. A Family Science program for minority and lower income families will be initiated to develop the scientific literacy and STEM abilities of both adults and children. Preservice high school science teachers at Winona State University?under the instruction of the PI?will lead the presentations in this program, and undergraduate students will serve as program assistants. Undergraduate students at Winona State University will improve their STEM skills by participating in the observations and developing the hardware needed for this research.Ground based observations of high redshift galaxies at sub-millimeter wavelengths are limited by atmospheric absorption bands especially for galaxies in the redshift range 1 to 3. This research overcomes this limitation and can be applied at all high redshift ranges. It uses one or two fine-structure line detections and combines them with radio continuum measurements to fully characterize a galaxy, allowing many more galaxies to be studied than via fine-structure lines alone. It employs the z(Redshift) and Early Universe Spectrometer (ZEUS) to measure the far-IR fine-structure lines from high redshift galaxies of the ZEUS INvestigated Galaxy Reference Sample (ZINGRS) with JVLA observations of the radio continuum. By combining these observations, the metallicity, interstellar medium, and stellar populations in these galaxies at redshifts 1 to 3 will be characterized, tracing the evolution of galaxies during the epoch of peak star formation in the Universe.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.