CAREER: Chemistry-Climate Interactions and Feedbacks through Coupled Atmosphere-Biosphere Processes

该项目将开发一个大型数据集，以提高对地球大气及其生态系统之间相互作用的理解和模型表示。这项工作的重点是大气中的臭氧如何影响碳、水和热量的交换，通过结合来自多个地点的一系列测量结果。由此产生的模型和数据集将用于预测未来气候条件如何影响臭氧浓度和大气与生态系统的相互作用。这项工作将加强对大气中气体浓度以及地表植物和固体物质之间联系的理解。具体而言，将解决以下科学问题：1)观察到的涡旋协方差通量塔上O3通量与碳和水通量之间的关系是否与单物种研究的结果一致？2)当前气候和空气质量模型对O3沉积、沉积速度和气孔吸收的预测效果如何？3)面对全球变化，通过水利用效率（WUE）实现的臭氧-生物圈耦合对生物圈恢复力和大气化学有何影响？4)其他植物毒性空气污染物，如二氧化硫和氮氧化物，是否单独或通过多种污染物的协同效应影响碳和水的通量以及目前的水平？该项目还包括一系列教育和推广活动，以加强和多样化科学劳动力，包括与附近的一所历史悠久的黑人大学（佛罗里达农业和机械大学）合作，培训本科生参与研究工作，并在研究生水平课程中扩展模型应用。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project will develop a large dataset to improve understanding and model representation of interactions between the Earth's atmosphere and its ecosystems. The work focuses on how ozone in the atmosphere impacts the exchange of carbon, water, and heat by combining a series of measurements from multiple locations. The resulting model and dataset will be used to predict how future climate conditions may affect ozone concentrations and the atmosphere-ecosystem interactions. This work will strengthen understanding of the connections between gas concentrations in the atmosphere and within the plants and solid materials on the surface.Specifically, the following science questions will be addressed: 1) Does the observed relationship between O3 flux and fluxes of carbon and water at eddy-covariance flux towers agree with results from single-species studies? 2) How well do current climate and air quality models predict O3 deposition, deposition velocity, and stomatal uptake? 3) What effect does O3-biosphere coupling through water-use efficiency (WUE) have on biosphere resiliency and atmospheric chemistry in the face of global change? 4) Do other phytotoxic air pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides affect carbon and water fluxes and present-day levels, either individually or through synergistic multi-pollutant effects?The project also includes a range of educational and outreach activities to strengthen and diversify the scientific workforce including collaborating with a nearby historically black university (Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University), training undergraduates to participate in the research effort, and, expanding model applications in graduate level courses.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.