HFIR-SNS Advanced Neutron Diffraction and Scattering 2019 Workshop (HANDS2019)

该研讨会将教育、培训和使新一代的研究人员能够使用最先进的仪器和软件来解决应用生物学问题。中子的使用提供了极好的潜力，可以提供以前难以捉摸的关于复杂生物系统的信息，这些信息是其他测量工具无法获得的。这个工作坊是专门为结构生物学家和生物物理学家设计的。主题将涵盖与结构生物学相关的广泛长度和时间尺度。在为期一天的由顶尖科学家举行的研讨会之后，将进行为期四天的中子束流线实验。组织者将招募女性和代表性不足的群体成员，以扩大下一代科学家在生物研究中使用中子的用户群。高强度中子源和新型仪器的最新发展将能够解决理解复杂生物系统的许多挑战，并将这些信息与其他实验技术（如低温电镜、核磁共振和单分子荧光技术）相结合。中子在生物学上的一个特别理想的特性与氢(H)有关，氢是生物系统中最丰富的元素。只有一个电子的氢，对x射线或光几乎是不可见的。另一方面，中子与原子核相互作用，而质子具有相对较强的负散射长度。此外，中子对氢和氘的不同敏感性允许通过同位素取代增强复杂生物系统特定部分的可见性。本次研讨会将向参与者介绍最先进的中子散射技术、仪器、数据分析和解释，同时让参与者接触实际的实验。所包含的技术将涵盖结构生物学（从原子到细胞）中遇到的广泛的时间和长度尺度，而不是专注于单一类型的实验。本次研讨会由生物科学理事会分子和细胞生物科学部分子生物物理项目资助。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This workshop will educate, train and enable a new and diverse generation of researchers for the use of neutrons with state-of-the-art instrumentation and software as applied biological problems. The use of neutrons offers excellent potential to provide previously elusive information about complex biological systems unobtainable with other measurement tools. The workshop is specifically designed for structural biologists and biophysicist. The topics will cover a broad length and time scales relevant to structural biology. One day symposium of talks by leading scientists will be followed by four days of hands on experimentation using neutron beam lines. The organizers will recruit female and members of underrepresented groups to broaden the user base for the use of neutrons in biological research for the future generation of scientists.Recent development of high intensity neutron sources and novel instrumentation will enable to address many of challenges in understanding complex biological systems and to integrate this information with other experimental techniques like cryo-EM, NMR and single molecule fluorescence techniques. A particularly desirable property of neutrons for biology has to do with hydrogen (H), the most abundant element in biological systems. With just one electron, hydrogen is all but invisible to x-rays or light. Neutrons, on the other hand, interact with nuclei, and protons have a relatively strong and negative scattering length. Furthermore, different sensitivity of neutrons to hydrogen and deuterium allows for enhanced visibility of specific parts of complex biological systems through isotopic substitution. This workshop will educate participants in state-of-the-art neutron scattering techniques, instrumentation, data analysis and interpretation while exposing the participants to actual experiments. Techniques included will cover a broad range of time and length scales encountered in structural biology (from atoms to cells) rather than focusing on a single type of experimentation. This workshop is funded by the Molecular Biophysics Program in the Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences in the Biological Sciences Directorate.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.