Collaborative Research: A Halogen Oxidant Flow Reactor: Development and Use in Laboratory and Field Studies

该项目是三家机构的合作成果，旨在开发一种技术，用于研究大气中涉及氯和溴等卤素的化学反应。最近，该项目的首席科学家开发了一种类似的技术，使用氧化流动反应器（OFR）来研究涉及羟基自由基的大气反应，羟基自由基是大气中最活跃的氧化物质。OFR的发展大大提高了科学家在实验室中研究和理解大气反应过程的能力。本研究的总体目标是开发在OFR中生成氯（Cl）和溴（Br）的方法，在可能受Cl/Br影响的来源区域部署卤素OFR原型以及最先进的质谱技术，并对生物源和人为前体的Cl氧化产生的化学成分和产物产量进行OFR和环境室（EC）对比研究。这些研究将评估ofr进行实验室和现场研究的能力，研究Cl/ br引发的氧化老化过程。这项工作基于对以下问题的调查：(1)暴露于OFR中卤素原子的环境空气的含氧挥发性有机化合物（OVOC）和二次有机气溶胶（SOA）形成潜力是什么？它如何随卤素类型、综合氧化剂暴露和来源区域的变化而变化？(2) VOC + Cl反应生成的实验室SOA的产率和化学组成是否独立于生成方法（OFR或EC）？(3)当Cl/Br和羟基自由基氧化引发OVOC/SOA时，实验室和环境OVOC/SOA的化学组成和产率如何比较？多氧化剂- ofr方法是否对OVOC/SOA前体提供了额外的约束？本项目包括本科生和研究生的实验室培训，以及一名博士后。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project is a collaborative effort among three institutions to develop a technique for studying chemical reactions in the atmosphere that involve halogens, such as chlorine and bromine. Recently, the lead scientist on this project developed a similar technique, using an oxidation flow reactor (OFR), for the study of atmospheric reactions involving the hydroxyl radical, the most active oxidizing species in the atmosphere. The development of the OFR has advanced significantly the ability of scientists to study and understand atmospheric reaction processes in the laboratory.The overall goals of this research are to develop methods to generate chlorine (Cl) and bromine (Br) in OFRs, deploy a prototype halogen OFR along with state-of-the-art mass spectrometry techniques in source regions with potential Cl/Br influence, and conduct OFR and environmental chamber (EC) intercomparison studies of the chemical composition and yields of products generated from Cl oxidation of biogenic and anthropogenic precursors. These studies will evaluate the ability of OFRs to conduct laboratory and field studies investigating Cl/Br-initiated oxidative aging processes.The effort is based on investigating the following questions: (1) What is the oxygenated volatile organic compound (OVOC) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation potential of ambient air exposed to halogen atoms in an OFR? How does it change as a function of halogen type, integrated oxidant exposure and source regions? (2) Is the yield and chemical composition of laboratory SOA generated by VOC + Cl reactions independent of the method used to generate it (OFR or EC)? (3) How does the chemical composition and yield of laboratory and ambient OVOC/SOA compare when initiated by Cl/Br versus hydroxyl radical oxidation? Does the multi-oxidant-OFR approach provide additional constraints on OVOC/SOA precursors?This project includes laboratory training for undergraduate and graduate students and a postdoctoral research fellow.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.