Amphilochius of Iconium: A preacher of fourth-century Cappadocia in the context of the history of liturgy, church and preaching

公元4世纪是教会历史上的一个关键时期，基督教从一个受迫害的边缘群体的信仰发展成为罗马帝国的国教，教会教义也得到了更大的定义。礼拜仪式也经历了根本性的变化，最显著的创新是节日周期（复活节，圣诞节，圣徒的节日）在世纪末的爆炸性发展。社会形态的急剧变化和新的节日庆典文化对传教士提出了新的挑战，他们的反应主要体现在节日讲道新类型的蓬勃发展。卡帕多西亚主教Amphilochius的Iconium生活和工作在这些发展的中心，虽然他的卓越的作品迄今已被蒙上阴影的神学“三大卡帕多西亚”（巴兹尔的凯撒利亚，格雷戈里的Nazianzus，格雷戈里的Nyssa），他与谁是由血缘和友谊连接。因此，对他布道的分析有望对历史上最有趣的动荡时期之一提供各种各样的见解，特别是关于基督教节日庆祝、宗教和生活的快速多样化和标准化之间的相互作用，以及当时教会布道的潜在关注、策略和方法。该项目位于礼仪学和教父学之间的界面，旨在实现以下目标：1)通过检查其语言，风格和内容来检查安非罗基斯著作的真实性，从而将所有进一步的研究建立在坚实的基础上；2)第一次对一个世纪以来安非洛基乌斯的生活和作品进行全面的描述；3)分析安非罗古讲道的风格和修辞、礼仪内容、训诂、教会教义和教会历史，并将其置于正确的语境中；4)利用礼仪的发现，在礼仪年最重要的形成时期，建立一个更有区别的节日发展图景；5)比较安非罗古的讲道和其他人的讲道，以丰富我们对四世纪末基督徒群体生活中讲道的认识。一个彻底的检查布道承诺产生新的和重要的见解，在许多领域，特别是：节日神学和礼仪的理解和发展在第四世纪；在早期教会的讲道中使用圣经和注释；卡帕多西亚神学和教义的历史；对希腊修辞学方法的挪用；以及教会社会形态的变化及其与社会环境的关系中布道的主题和策略。

The fourth century AD is a key period in church history in which Christianity advanced from being the faith of a persecuted fringe group to become the state religion of the Roman empire, and ecclesiastical doctrine was laid down with ever greater definition. The liturgy also underwent fundamental changes, the most conspicuous innovation being the explosive development of festal cycles (Easter, Christmas, feasts of the saints) at the end of the century. The radically changed social form and the new culture of festal celebration presented new challenges to preachers, whose response is most importantly reflected in the flourishing new genre of festal sermons.The Cappadocian bishop Amphilochius of Iconium lived and worked in a centre of these developments, though his remarkable oeuvre has hitherto been overshadowed by the theology of the "Three Great Cappadocians" (Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nazianzus, Gregory of Nyssa), with whom he was connected by blood and friendship. The analysis of his sermons thus promises a wide variety of insights into one of history's most interesting periods of upheaval, particularly with respect to the interplay between rapid diversification and standardization in Christian festal celebration, religion, and life, and to the underlying concerns, strategies, and methods of ecclesiastical preaching at this time.Situated at the interface between Liturgics and Patristics, the project is to pursue the following goals: 1) To put all further research on a firmer footing by checking the authenticity of the writings attributed to Amphilochius through an examination of their language, style, and content; 2) To draw up the first comprehensive account of Amphilochius's life and oeuvre for one century; 3) To analyze Amphilochius's preaching with regard to style and rhetoric, liturgical content, exegesis, ecclesiastical doctrine, and church history, and to put it in its correct context; 4) To use the liturgical findings to establish a more differentiated picture of the development of feasts within the most important formative period of the liturgical year; and 5) To compare Amphilochius's sermons with others, in order to enrich our picture of preaching in the life of Christian communities at the end of the fourth century.A thorough examination of the sermons promises to yield new and significant insights in numerous fields, notably: festal theology and the understanding and development of liturgy in the fourth century; the use of scripture and exegesis in the preaching of the early church; the history of Cappadocian theology and doctrine; the appropriation of methods of Greek rhetoric; and the subject matter and strategies of preaching within the church's altered social form and in relation to its social environment.