Collaborative Research: Investigating out-of sequence magmatism and mantle plume-lithosphere interactions adjacent to the Snake River plain (U.S.A.)

火山爆发是社会和环境变化的重大危害和驱动因素。大陆热点火山爆发是地球上有记录的最大火山爆发的源头。热点岩浆活动在一定程度上是通过确定与板块运动方向相反的线性火山链而得到识别的。当沿着热点“轨迹”的火山活动暂时不符合年龄进展时，这些年龄进展可能是不清楚的，因此，没有顺序，有时偏离轴。蛇河平原-黄石（SRPY）火山省（怀俄明-蒙大拿州-爱达荷州，包括黄石国家公园）是大陆热点岩浆活动的典型例子，主要的SRPY“超级火山”喷发有很好的记录。然而，在SRPY附近存在小体积火山。该项目将调查这些非顺序火山，为更好地识别地质记录中的热点提供模拟，为黄石热点如何与北美相互作用提供新的约束，并用于帮助完善与该热点相关的火山活动起源和爆发历史的模型。这些发现对大陆热点火山危险性评估具有启示意义。学生培训和公众宣传也是这个项目的关键方面。将采用多学科方法来揭示SRPY热点轨道最年轻部分附近的时空岩浆历史，包括侧重于结构与火成岩活动、地质年代学和地球化学之间关系的野外测绘。这些数据将使研究小组能够：[1]确定SRPY附近序外火山活动的时空历史；[2]定义了地幔和地壳对这种脱序和离轴火山活动的贡献；[3]破译了同岩浆伸展、SRPY岩浆活动与脱序离轴火山活动之间的联系。建议的研究将为本科生和研究生提供学习不同领域，演讲和实验室技能的机会。将创建和教授阿拉斯加本土STEM教育项目GeoFORCE的课程。GeoFORCE参与者将参观黄石国家公园。在此项目中取得的科学进展将通过与杜布瓦博物馆的合作，通过公开讲座和实地考察，开发风河上游盆地（WY）的地质指南，以及通过在全球网络和当地报纸上发布的新闻文章，向公众传播。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Volcanic eruptions are significant hazards and drivers of societal and environmental change. Continental hotspot eruptions are the soures of the largest documented eruptions on Earth. Hotspot magmatism is recognized in part on identification of a linear chain of volcanoes that becomes younger opposite the direction of plate motion. These age-progressions may be unclear when volcanism along a hotspot “track” does not temporally fit in the age progression and is therefore, out of sequence and at times, off-axis. The Snake River Plain-Yellowstone (SRPY) volcanic province (Wyoming-Montana-Idaho, including Yellowstone National Park) is the classic example of continental hotspot magmatism, and major SRPY “supervolcano” eruptions are well documented. Small-volume volcanoes exist adjacent to the SRPY, however. This project will investigate these out of sequence volcanoes to provide an analog to better identify hotspots in the geological record, yield new constraints on how the Yellowstone hotspot interacts with North America, and be used to help refine models for the origin and eruptive history of volcanism associated with this hotspot. The findings have implications for continental hotspot volcanic hazard assessments. Student training and public outreach are also key aspects of this project.A multidisciplinary approach will be employed to unravel the spatial-temporal magmatic history adjacent to the youngest part of the SRPY hotspot track, including field mapping focused on the relations between structures and igneous activity, geochronology, and geochemistry. These data will allow the research team to: [1] determine the temporal-spatial history of out-of-sequence volcanism adjacent to the SRPY; [2] define the mantle and crustal contributions to this out of sequence and off-axis volcanism; [3] decipher the links between syn-magmatic extension, SRPY magmatism and the out of sequence and off-axis volcanism. The proposed study will provide opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students to learn a diverse suite of field, presentation, and laboratory skills. Curriculum for GeoFORCE, a Native Alaskan STEM education program, will be created and taught. GeoFORCE participants shall visit Yellowstone National Park. Scientific advances made during this project will be communicated to the public via collaboration with the Dubois Museum through public talks and field trips, the development of a geological guide of the upper Wind River basin (WY), and via news articles published globally on the web and in local newspapers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.