Collaborative Research: Investigating out-of sequence magmatism and mantle plume-lithosphere interactions adjacent to the Snake River plain (U.S.A.)

火山喷发是社会和环境变化的重大危险和驱动因素。大陆热点喷发是地球上有记录以来最大规模喷发的源头。热点岩浆作用在一定程度上是通过识别与板块运动方向相反而变得年轻的线性火山链来识别的。当沿着热点“轨迹”的火山活动在时间上与年龄进程不匹配时，这些年龄进程可能不清楚，因此是无序的，有时是偏离轴线的。蛇河平原-黄石(SRPY)火山省(怀俄明州-蒙大拿州-爱达荷州，包括黄石国家公园)是大陆热点岩浆活动的经典例子，SRPY主要的超级火山喷发有很好的记录。然而，在SRPY附近存在着小体积的火山。该项目将调查这些无序火山，以提供一种模拟，以更好地识别地质记录中的热点，对黄石热点与北美的相互作用产生新的限制，并用于帮助完善与该热点相关的火山起源和喷发历史的模型。这一发现对大陆热点火山灾害评估具有重要意义。学生培训和公众宣传也是该项目的关键方面。将采用多学科方法来解开SRPY热点轨道最年轻部分附近的时空岩浆历史，包括重点研究构造与火成活动、年代学和地球化学之间的关系的野外测绘。这些数据将使研究小组能够：[1]确定SRPY附近无序火山活动的时空历史；[2]确定地幔和地壳对这种无序和离轴火山作用的贡献；[3]破译同岩浆伸展、SRPY岩浆活动和无序和离轴火山作用之间的联系。这项拟议的研究将为本科生和研究生提供学习不同的现场技能、演示技能和实验室技能的机会。将创建并教授原住民阿拉斯加STEM教育项目GeoFORCE的课程。参赛者应参观黄石国家公园。在这个项目中取得的科学进展将通过与杜布瓦博物馆的合作，通过公开演讲和实地考察，开发上游风河流域(WY)的地质指南，以及通过在全球网站和当地报纸上发表的新闻文章向公众传播。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Volcanic eruptions are significant hazards and drivers of societal and environmental change. Continental hotspot eruptions are the soures of the largest documented eruptions on Earth. Hotspot magmatism is recognized in part on identification of a linear chain of volcanoes that becomes younger opposite the direction of plate motion. These age-progressions may be unclear when volcanism along a hotspot “track” does not temporally fit in the age progression and is therefore, out of sequence and at times, off-axis. The Snake River Plain-Yellowstone (SRPY) volcanic province (Wyoming-Montana-Idaho, including Yellowstone National Park) is the classic example of continental hotspot magmatism, and major SRPY “supervolcano” eruptions are well documented. Small-volume volcanoes exist adjacent to the SRPY, however. This project will investigate these out of sequence volcanoes to provide an analog to better identify hotspots in the geological record, yield new constraints on how the Yellowstone hotspot interacts with North America, and be used to help refine models for the origin and eruptive history of volcanism associated with this hotspot. The findings have implications for continental hotspot volcanic hazard assessments. Student training and public outreach are also key aspects of this project. A multidisciplinary approach will be employed to unravel the spatial-temporal magmatic history adjacent to the youngest part of the SRPY hotspot track, including field mapping focused on the relations between structures and igneous activity, geochronology, and geochemistry. These data will allow the research team to: [1] determine the temporal-spatial history of out-of-sequence volcanism adjacent to the SRPY; [2] define the mantle and crustal contributions to this out of sequence and off-axis volcanism; [3] decipher the links between syn-magmatic extension, SRPY magmatism and the out of sequence and off-axis volcanism. The proposed study will provide opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students to learn a diverse suite of field, presentation, and laboratory skills. Curriculum for GeoFORCE, a Native Alaskan STEM education program, will be created and taught. GeoFORCE participants shall visit Yellowstone National Park. Scientific advances made during this project will be communicated to the public via collaboration with the Dubois Museum through public talks and field trips, the development of a geological guide of the upper Wind River basin (WY), and via news articles published globally on the web and in local newspapers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.