Fluid Dynamics in Uniform Fermi Gases

这个项目将探索一个“设计师”量子系统中近乎完美的流体流动，该系统包括一种独特的超冷原子气体，包含在一个完全由激光制成的盒子中。这些桌面实验中使用的原子具有实验可调的吸引力或排斥力，从非常弱到非常强，使测量能够影响原子物理学之外的知识学科的理论。其中的原子模拟了新材料，例如在远高于室温的温度下工作的超高温超导体，有朝一日将使节能电力线和磁悬浮列车成为可能。学生和博士后将设计新的光学系统，新的计算机控制和机械系统，并研究电动力学和量子力学，广泛培训他们在科学和技术的挑战。技术观众abstractionThe实验将研究费米气体的Li-6原子碰撞附近的流体动力学（Feshbach）共振，这使得原子-原子相互作用的磁控制。超冷费米气体包含，扰动，并在设计师的光学势，这是使用两个数字微镜阵列产生的图像。通过将原子密度分布成像为时间的函数，新实验将测量流体动力学线性响应和传输特性作为温度，相互作用强度和自旋不平衡的函数。在一维线性变化的势场中对被捕获的云进行成像将确定状态方程。设计师的光学势也将用于冲击波的现场成像，作为相互作用强度，密度分布和温度分布的函数。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

General audience abstractThis project will explore nearly perfect fluid flow in a “designer” quantum system, comprising a unique ultracold gas of atoms, contained in a box made entirely of laser light. The atoms used in these tabletop experiments feature experimentally adjustable attraction or repulsion, from very weak to very strong, enabling measurements that impact theories in intellectual disciplines well outside of atomic physics. The contained atoms model new materials, such as super-high temperature superconductors that operate far above room temperature, which will one day enable energy-saving power lines and magnetically levitated trains. Students and post-doctoral associates will design new optical systems, new computer control and mechanical systems, and study electrodynamics and quantum mechanics, broadly training them for challenges arising in science and technology.Technical audience abstractThe experiments will study the fluid dynamics of a Fermi gas of Li-6 atoms near a collisional (Feshbach) resonance, which enables magnetic control of atom-atom interactions. The ultracold Fermi gas is contained, perturbed, and imaged in a designer optical potential, which is generated using two digital micro-mirror arrays. By imaging the atom density profile as a function of time, the new experiments will measure the hydrodynamic linear response and transport properties as a function of temperature, interaction strength, and spin-imbalance. Imaging the trapped cloud in a 1D linearly varying potential will determine the equation of state. Designer optical potentials also will be used for in-situ imaging of shock waves as a function of interaction strength, density profile and temperature profile.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.