Generation and Evolution of Magnetic Pulsations in the Terrestrial Foreshock Region

无碰撞激波是空间等离子体中的一个基本过程，它涉及电磁场和粒子之间的能量转换。前震区域的磁脉动是能量转换效率高、波粒相互作用丰富的场所。这项工作研究了地球前震区域的磁脉动。它将促进对波粒相互作用和激波耗散的理解。将支持两名职业生涯早期的研究人员。该项目使用高时间分辨率的航天器观测和多维完全动力学模拟。目标包括：(1)了解不稳定性是如何产生磁脉动的；(2)了解磁脉动中的二次波是如何产生并相互耦合的；(3)了解磁脉动中的等离子体能量和波粒相互作用。这项研究使用了完全的动力学模拟和航天器观测，解决了具有3D分布函数的跨尺度(离子到电子尺度)过程，这是增强研究的科学影响并实现收尾的有效方法。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The collisionless shock is a fundamental process in space plasmas that involves energy conversion between electromagnetic fields and particles. Magnetic pulsations in the foreshock region are sites with efficient energy conversion and rich wave-particle interactions. This work studies the magnetic pulsations in the Earth’s foreshock region. It will advance understanding of wave-particle interactions and shock dissipation. Two early career researchers will be supported.The project employs high time resolution spacecraft observations and multi-dimensional fully kinetic simulations. The objectives include: (1) Understand how the magnetic pulsations are generated from instabilities; (2) Understand how secondary waves in the magnetic pulsations are generated and coupled with each other; (3) Understand the plasma energization and wave-particle interaction in the magnetic pulsations. The research uses fully kinetic simulations and spacecraft observations that resolve cross-scale (ion to electron scales) processes with 3D distribution functions, an effective approach to enhance the science impact of the research and achieve closure.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.