RAPID: New York Covid-19 Chronicle and Oral History Archive

COVID-19大流行是美国自1918年流感大流行以来面临的最严重的公共卫生危机，但它不会是最后一次。灾难研究通常是回顾性的，提供过去的行动和正在进行的恢复。COVID-19大流行的时间概况为正在展开的危机中的社会研究提供了机会，提供了对胁迫下的风险感知和意义理解、社区和组织复原力、社会结构转型以及对严重经济和社会混乱的实时适应的同期见解。该项目将以纽约市为重点，在疫情曲线上创建该市与COVID-19斗争的同期记录。纽约是了解这次大流行过程的关键地点，因为它是美国疾病的早期震中，因为它拥有强大的市政应急管理系统，在过去的灾难中有丰富的经验，与健康有关的和其他方面，因为它拥有全国最强大的城市医疗保健系统之一。该项目将提供有关纽约市的实时调查结果，这些结果将在大流行的早期阶段与司法管辖区相关，从而协助其他政府领导人规划有效的应对措施。该项目还将严格记录COVID-19紧急情况，以便更好地了解其发展情况，更好地为复苏提供信息，并吸取教训，帮助我们抗击下一次大流行和其他极端事件。这些发现对各级政府领导人至关重要，以便在未来几年促进美国居民的安全和保障。当前的COVID-19大流行挑战了社区和组织的复原力，并要求社会结构转型。为了分析这些变化，该项目结合了三种数据收集方法，以捕捉COVID-19危机对纽约人不断变化的多维影响。首先，一项针对1000人的调查将追踪他们在压力反应、帮助行为、社会隔离和恢复力方面的变化。从调查中收集的人口统计数据将为新参与者的招募提供信息和改进。样本将根据不同的反应尺度进行分层：普通纽约人、一线工作人员（包括第一和第二响应者、关键基础设施和其他重要工作人员）、战略层面的决策者、管理人员和规划者。这些结果将辅以500名参与者的日记研究数据，以及对200名叙述者的口述历史访谈，以扩大间隔，对态度和关系的微观转变与城市结构和动态的宏观转变之间的关系产生丰富的纵向视角。研究结果将为有关社会组织、备灾和救灾、风险感知和社会压力的微观和宏观层面之间关系的社会学理论提供信息。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The COVID-19 pandemic is the gravest public health crisis the United States has faced since the Influenza pandemic of 1918, but it will not be the last. Disaster research is often by necessity retrospective, providing accounts of past actions and ongoing recoveries. The temporal profile of the COVID-19 pandemic presents an opportunity for social research in the middle of an unfolding crisis, providing contemporaneous insights into risk perception and sensemaking under duress, community and organizational resilience, transformations in social structure, and real time adaptations to severe economic and social dislocations. Concentrating on New York City, this project will create a contemporaneous record of the city’s battle with COVID-19 across the epidemic curve. New York is a critical site for understanding the course of this pandemic because it was an early epicenter of the disease in the U.S., because it has a robust municipal emergency management system with deep experience of past disasters, health-related and otherwise, and because it is home to one of the nation’s strongest urban healthcare systems. The project will provide real time findings about New York City that will be relevant to jurisdictions in earlier phases along the arc of the pandemic, thus assisting other governmental leaders in planning effective responses. This project will also rigorously document the COVID-19 emergency to better understand how it is unfolding, to better inform the recovery, and to learn lessons that will aid our fight against the next pandemic and other extreme events. These findings will be critical to leaders at all levels of government so as to promote the safety and security of U.S. residents in the years ahead.The current COVID-19 pandemic challenges community and organizational resilience and necessitates transformations in social structure. To analyze these changes, this project combines three approaches to data gathering that capture the evolving and multi-dimensional impact of the COVID-19 crisis on New Yorkers. First, a survey of 1,000 people will track shifts in stress responses, helping behaviors, social isolation, and resilience. Demographic data gathered from the survey will inform and refine recruitment of new participants. The sample will be stratified across different scales of the response: everyday New Yorkers, frontline workers--including first and second responders, critical infrastructure and other essential workers--and strategic level decision makers, managers, and planners. These results will be complemented by data from a diary study with 500 participants, and a sequence of oral history interviews with 200 narrators at expanding intervals, to produce a rich longitudinal perspective on the relationship between micro shifts in attitudes and relations, and macro transformations in urban structures and dynamics. Findings will inform sociological theories regarding the relationship between micro- and macro-levels of social organization, disaster preparedness and response, risk perception and social stress.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.