RAPID: Mapping Integral Human Behavior Changes and Resiliency in Response to COVID-19

在新冠肺炎大流行期间，鼓励人类的行为，如社交距离和戴口罩，成为控制疾病传播的关键方法。虽然个人可能每天都会收到建议的行为变化和提示，但个人在当地、国家和全球背景下对这些建议的看法会影响他们评估疾病风险的方式以及他们是否对日常生活中的建议做出反应。通过将个人和社区疾病感知的可变性与新闻数据配对，这项研究旨在模拟不同人类行为阻止疾病传播的有效性和成功。该项目使用社会网络分析来了解在大流行期间，哪些网络帮助或阻碍了行为变化，目的是确定影响压力抵抗和弹性的适应。该项目为研究生和本科生提供严谨、科学的数据收集和分析方法方面的培训。这项研究将分三个主要阶段进行，以解决两个问题：(1)人类行为变化如何影响新冠肺炎的传播，以及(2)哪些综合行为变化似乎对应对大流行灾难的复原力影响最大。在第一阶段，一个主要大都市地区的研究人员将在开放的基本业务中使用图片和现场笔记证据进行基于观察的分析。这一阶段将为地方和国家趋势奠定基础。在第二阶段，研究人员将从更偏远的地点招募人员，以了解更大的社交网络。参与者将填写一份风险感知调查，安排一次与研究人员的访谈，如果有兴趣，还将参与按照研究指南转发自己的照片证据和实地笔记。在第三阶段，将从2019年11月开始通过项目的延续进行系统的新闻媒体分析。这样的审查将集中在一系列可获得的新闻来源上，这些来源将提供一种方法，跟踪自大流行开始以来人类行为的变化和建议。使用灾难、人类学、身份和社会网络研究的框架，这项研究将提供可积极用于流行病学工作的信息，以解决新冠肺炎的传播问题。此外，这项研究项目旨在开发已识别的有效人类行为的功能动态模型，以便在当前和未来规划大流行应对措施。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

During the COVID-19 pandemic, encouraged human behaviors such as social distancing and wearing of masks have become key methods to control the spread of the disease. While individuals may be presented with suggested behavioral changes and prompts daily, how individuals perceive these recommendations within their local, national, and global context can influence how they assess disease risk and whether they respond to recommendations in their daily lives. By pairing variability in individual and community disease perception with news data, this research aims to model efficacy and success of different human behaviors to halt the spread of disease. This project uses social network analysis to understand what networks help or hinder behavioral changes during a pandemic, with the aim of identifying adaptations that impact stress resistance and resiliency. The project provides training for graduate and undergraduate students in methods of rigorous, scientific data collection and analysis. The research will be conducted in three main phases to address two issues: (1) how human behavioral changes are affecting the spread of COVID-19, and (2) what integral behavioral changes appear to have the greatest influence on resiliency to a pandemic disaster. In the first phase, researchers in a major metropolitan area will conduct an observation-based analysis using picture and field note evidence at open essential businesses. This phase will provide a basis for local and national trends. In the second phase, researchers will recruit from a range of more remote locations for the purposes of understanding larger social networks. Participants will fill out a risk-perception survey, schedule an interview with researchers, and, if interested, will participate in forwarding their own photographic evidence and field notes following research guidelines. In the third phase, a systematic news media analysis will be conducted from November 2019 through the continuation of the project. Such a review will focus on a pool of accessible news sources that will provide a way of tracking human behavioral changes and recommendations from the beginning of the pandemic, onwards. Using frameworks from disaster, anthropology, identity, and social network research, this study will provide information that may be actively utilized in epidemiological efforts to address the spread of COVID-19. Additionally, this research project aims to develop a functioning dynamic model of identified effective human behaviors to be useful in planning pandemic responses currently and in the future.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.