Translational regulation and novel translated small ORFs in Arabidopsis ABA responses

脱落酸（ABA）是调节植物对干旱、盐和极端温度等主要胁迫的耐受性的重要激素。在预测气候变化和粮食需求增加的情况下，迫切需要了解ABA如何控制植物对胁迫的耐受性，这是开发具有更强抗逆性的作物的第一步。在细胞水平上，植物的胁迫反应可以通过多种方式控制：DNA转录成mRNA可以被调节，mRNA翻译成蛋白质也可以被调节，而蛋白质最终负责执行胁迫反应。该项目旨在发现所有mrna翻译成蛋白质，发生在模型拟南芥植物对ABA的反应。该项目的最终目标是了解导致植物抗逆性的转录和翻译的全局和基因特异性调控。这项研究将通过提供培育更好地适应环境压力的作物所需的关键信息，对社会产生重要影响。除了在基因组学、生物信息学和植物分子生物学方面为研究生和博士后研究人员提供跨学科培训外，该项目还将与本科研究项目相结合，并将通过组织研讨会来教其他人如何对其他植物进行类似研究，从而吸引研究界的参与。本研究将验证在ABA作用下翻译量增加的基因/转录异构体是否能增强植物对逆境的耐受性。尖端的Ribo-seq和RNA-seq技术，新开发的计算分析和先进的分子生物学工具将被应用。具体目标包括：(1)分析个体基因的翻译动力学和表征响应ABA的翻译调控基因，(2)研究响应ABA的转录物异构体的选择性翻译，以及(3)鉴定和表征新的ABA调控的翻译sorf。总之，这些结果将为胁迫反应中的转录后调控提供全面的见解，并使作物能够更快地响应和耐受环境胁迫。为学生和博士后举办的讲习班和培训将在整个植物生物界推广核糖核酸测序的使用。该奖项是由分子和细胞生物科学部的遗传机制集群和综合有机系统部的植物基因组研究计划共同资助的。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an essential hormone regulating plant tolerance to major stressors such as drought, salinity, and extreme temperature. In anticipation of climate change and increasing demand for food, there is an urgent need to understand how ABA controls plant tolerance to stress as a first step in developing crops with greater resilience to stress. At the cellular level, plant stress responses can be controlled in various ways: DNA transcription into mRNA can be regulated, as can the translation of mRNA into proteins, which are ultimately responsible for executing the response. This project aims to discover all of the mRNAs translated into proteins that occur in the model Arabidopsis plant in response to ABA. The ultimate goal of this project is to understand the global and gene-specific regulation of transcription and translation that gives rise to plant stress tolerance. This research will have important impacts on society by providing crucial information needed to breed crop plants that better adapt to environmental stress. In addition to offering interdisciplinary training for graduate students and postdoctoral researchers in genomics, bioinformatics, and plant molecular biology, this project will be integrated with undergraduate research programs and will engage the research community by organizing a workshop to teach others how to do similar research with other plants.This research will test the hypothesis that genes/transcript isoforms whose translation increases in response to ABA enhance plant tolerance to stress. Cutting-edge Ribo-seq and RNA-seq techniques, newly developed computational analyses, and advanced molecular biology tools will be applied. Specific aims include (1) the profiling of the translational dynamics of individual genes and the characterization of genes that are translationally regulated in response to ABA, (2) the investigation of the selective translation of transcript isoforms in response to ABA, and (3) the identification and characterization of novel ABA-regulated translated sORFs. Together, these results will provide comprehensive insights into posttranscriptional regulation in stress responses and enable the development of crops that more rapidly respond to and tolerate environmental stress. Workshops and training for students and post-docs will disseminate the use of Ribo-seq throughout the plant biology community.This award was co-funded by the Genetic Mechanisms Cluster in the Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences and the Plant Genome Research Program in the Division of Integrative Organismal Systems’This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.