Hard Probes of Nucleon Structure:New QCD Calculations and Phenomenological Applications

本文旨在为量子光盘中各种硬过程提供新的理论和现象学研究，重点介绍硬探针对探索核子内部结构的重要性。我们的建议涉及多个方面，从最先进的QCD硬散射截面的微扰计算，到QCD辐射和部分子分布相互作用的概念进展，以及从实验数据中提取部分子分布的现象学。除了在科学上紧密相连外，我们提出的研究的各个组成部分都有一个共同点，即它们都与该领域正在进行或计划中的实验活动非常相关。

The present proposal aims at providing new theoretical and phenomenological studies of various hard processes in QCD, with a focus on the importance of hard probes for exploring the inner structure of the nucleon. Our proposal addresses diverse facets, ranging from state-of-the-art perturbative calculations of QCD hard-scattering cross sections, to conceptual progress on the interplay of QCD radiation and parton distributions, and to phenomenological extractions of parton distributions from experimental data. Besides being closely connected scientifically, the various components of our proposed research have in common that they are all of much relevance for ongoing or planned experimental activities of the field.