Collaborative Research: RUI: Absorption and Emission Line Probes of Galactic Winds with eBOSS

恒星的形成是一个非常低效的过程，只有5% - 20%的气体转化为恒星。星系喷流对恒星形成的自我调节和维持低效率起着重要的作用。首席研究员Tremonti、Diamond-Stanic和Lundgren将利用扩展重子振荡光谱调查（eBOSS）对30万个星系的观测来测量星系的物理特性，包括外流的气体，以研究导致星系恒星形成效率低下的潜在物理原因。为了促进学生对科学技术工程和数学（STEM）的参与，pi将使用eBOSS调查数据设计一套适合高中生和本科生的基于网络的计算天文学活动。该小组将通过一系列为教育工作者举办的讲习班来推广这些活动，并评估这些活动在提高学生的数据素养、计算技能和科学兴趣方面的效果。该团队将基于成千上万个红移为0.4 z1的eBOSS星系光谱，创建并分析高质量的光谱。他们将比较通过吸收谱线追踪的流出气体和通过发射谱线追踪的流出气体，以测试这些方法测量的是流出气体的相同成分还是不同成分。他们还将通过使用背景类星体光谱的背光实验来测量流出的几何形状和空间范围，并利用这些信息来估计强劲的质量流出率。该团队将明确确定星系外流和星系之间的经验关系。他们将向公众发布一份叠加光谱和相关物理性质的目录。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Star formation is a very inefficient process with only 5% - 20% of the gas converted into stars. Galactic outflows play an important role in self-regulating star formation and maintaining the low efficiency. The Principal Investigators (PIs) Tremonti, Diamond-Stanic and Lundgren, will use observations of 300,000 galaxies from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) to measure the physical properties of galaxies, including the outflowing gas, to investigate the underlying physics responsible for the low efficiency of galactic star formation. To promote student engagement in science technology engineering and mathematics (STEM) the PIs will design a set of web-based computational astronomy activities suitable for both high school and undergraduate students using the eBOSS survey data. The team will disseminate these activities through a series of workshops for educators and evaluate their effectiveness in improving students’ data literacy, computational skills, and interests in science.The team will create and analyze high-quality spectra based on stacks of thousands of individual eBOSS galaxy spectra at redshifts of 0.4 z 1. They will compare outflowing gas traced via absorption lines to outflowing gas traced via emission lines to test whether these methodologies are measuring the same or different components of the outflow. They will also measure the geometry and spatial extent of the outflows through backlighting experiments that use the spectra of background quasars and use this information to estimate robust mass outflow rates. The team will identify clear empirical relationships between galactic outflows and galaxies. They will release a catalog of stacked spectra and associated physical properties to the public.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.