Understanding Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Local Bubble and beyond.

宇宙射线是带电粒子，在宇宙中被加速到高能量。该项目旨在通过一种机制来解释观测到的宇宙射线能量光谱中的一个特征，这种机制是由银河系附近区域经过的恒星或超新星遗迹驱动的。研究小组将进行计算机模拟，以检验这种解释是否能再现观测到的特征，并预测其他可观测到的特征。该团队还将把他们的研究纳入加州大学圣地亚哥分校的STARS（研究成功暑期培训学院）项目。这个奖项推进了“宇宙大创意之窗”的目标。该项目将结合分析和数值模拟，对局部气泡中的弱冲击对宇宙射线的重新加速进行模拟。这些模拟将模拟宇宙射线的注入、传输、角结构和化学成分，这些宇宙射线被冲击波重新加速，然后通过磁通管传输到地球。这些结果将与观测结果进行比较，以确定这种情况是否能够成功地解释宇宙射线光谱中中等能量的碰撞特性。这项工作将被纳入UCSD STARS的一个暑期项目，并将支持一名来自圣地亚哥地区服务不足社区的学生的指导。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Cosmic rays are charged particles that have been accelerated to high energies throughout the universe. This project aims to explain a feature in the spectrum of observed cosmic ray energies through a mechanism driven by passing stars or supernova remnants in a nearby region of the Milky Way. The team will perform computer simulations to test if this explanation can reproduce the observed feature and predict other observable features. The team will also incorporate their research into the UCSD STARS (Summer Training Academy for Research Success) program. This award advances the goals of the Windows on the Universe Big Idea. The project will use a combination of analytical and numerical simulations of the re-acceleration of cosmic rays by weak shocks in the Local Bubble. These simulations will model the injection, transport, angular structure, and chemical composition of cosmic rays that have been re-accelerated by the shocks and then transported to the earth through magnetic flux tubes. The results will be compared with observations to determine whether this scenario can successfully explain the properties of the bump in the cosmic ray spectrum at intermediate energies. The work will be incorporated into a summer program at UCSD STARS and will also support the mentorship of a student from an underserved community in the San Diego area.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.