EAGER: International Type II: A Team Science Examination of Virtual, Hybrid, and In-Person Strategies for Strengthening International Collaboration on Agritourism Research

第一部分：新冠肺炎疫情暴露了国际合作的一个主要弱点：依赖面对面的学术会议作为科学家建立网络和合作的主要机会。为了应对旅行限制和封锁，国际研究会议被迫转移到网上，合作者已经过渡到远程方式，以连接和继续学术工作。突然过渡到广泛使用视频会议和数字工具进行协作研究，带来了意想不到的副作用，包括协调障碍、沟通挑战，以及被称为变焦疲劳的高度倦怠。需要进行研究，以更好地了解参与在线论坛与面对面论坛的好处和挑战，以及由此对研究合作和学术生产力的影响。这对于依赖基于地点的体验式学习的研究领域尤其重要，例如农业旅游，它被广泛理解为包括农业生态系统中的农场-社区-旅游联系。农业旅游这一新兴研究领域对可持续社区发展、当地食物系统、工作景观管理和生态系统服务有着深远的影响。除了加强国际农业旅游合作研究的直接好处外，还将记录和分享这一项目的调查结果，重点是可转移到寻求加强未来合作的其他领域的经验教训。本项目有四个主要目标：(1)通过实施一系列团队发展干预措施，包括网络研讨会、虚拟网络和支持在线和面对面参与的混合型国际会议，加强新兴的国际农业旅游研究合作；(2)通过检查每种模式带来的挑战、障碍和机会，以及通过测量合作出版物、演示文稿、拨款提案和其他学术产品等产出，评估不同团队参与模式的有效性；(3)通过本科生和研究生参与团队科学的实施，围绕农业旅游发展跨学科的学术研究；和(4)评估成果向其他领域的可转移性，以支持发展以地点为基础的跨学科研究合作，并强调国际合作的复原力和可持续性。研究小组将跟踪和调查项目活动的参与者，以记录学术努力、新的合作以及使用不同方式进行国际合作和研究生产力的好处。除调查外，还将进行一系列社交网络分析，以衡量该领域内合作和关系的增长情况。研究效率将通过合作作者网络分析、文献计量学指数、提交合作的外部资金和跨机构的学生参与度来衡量。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。

Part 1.The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed a major weakness in international collaboration: the reliance on in-person academic conferences as a primary opportunity for scientists to network and collaborate. In response to travel restrictions and lockdowns, international research conferences have been forced to move online and collaborators have transitioned to remote means for connecting and continuing scholarly work. The sudden transition to extensive use of videoconferencing and digital tools for collaborative research came with unanticipated side effects, including coordination barriers, communication challenges, and heightened levels of burnout known as Zoom fatigue. Research is needed to better understand the benefits and challenges of participating in online versus in-person forums, and the resulting impacts on research collaborations and scholarly productivity. This is especially important for research areas that rely on place-based experiential learning such as agritourism, which is broadly understood to encompass the farm-community-tourism nexus in agroecosystems. The emerging research area of agritourism has profound implications for sustainable community development, local food systems, management of working landscapes, and ecosystem services. In addition to the direct benefits of strengthening collaborative international agritourism research, findings from this project will be documented and shared with a focus on lessons that are transferable to other fields seeking to strengthen future collaboration. The ultimate goal is to contribute to international research collaborations that are resilient, robust, and sustainable so they can withstand many types of disruptions, ranging from disease to war to natural disasters.Part 2.This project has four primary objectives: (1) strengthen the emerging international agritourism research collaboration by implementing a series of team development interventions including webinars, virtual networking, and a hybrid international conference that supports both online and in-person participation; (2) evaluate the effectiveness of different modalities of team engagement by examining the challenges, barriers, and opportunities presented by each mode and by measuring outputs such as collaborative publications, presentations, grant proposals, and additional scholarly products; (3) develop interdisciplinary scholarship around agritourism through undergraduate and graduate student engagement in team science implementation; and (4) assess the transferability of the results to other fields to support the development of transdisciplinary research collaborations with place-based elements and emphasis on resilience and sustainability of international collaborations. The research team will track and survey participants in project activities to document scholarly efforts, new collaborations, and benefits of using different modalities for international collaboration and research productivity. In addition to surveys, a series of social network analyses will be conducted to measure growth of collaborations and relationships within the field. Research productivity will be measured using co-authorship network analysis, bibliometric indices, submission of collaborative extramural funding, and student engagement across institutions. Findings will be assessed for transferability across disciplines, and knowledge will be advanced with respect to identifying barriers and challenges to collaboration and the methods that are most effective for enhancing engagement and productivity of international research collaborations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.