IUCRC Planning Grant: Center for Advanced Magnetics for Power and Energy Development (AMPED)

电气化的趋势推动了对改进的软磁材料的需求，这些材料可以在前所未有的开关频率和功率水平组合下工作，以及高功率密度但效率极高的工程组件。通过电动汽车、混合动力飞机和分布式可再生能源发电等的预期增长，这些趋势也为美国国内创造了重大的新经济机会。拟建的电力和能源发展高级磁学中心（amp）的主要重点将是高功率磁学的关键领域，以及在该应用类别中与现有和新兴电机拓扑和设计的接口优化。作为一个国家和经济体，成功应对挑战并利用这些机遇需要跨学科的技能，包括材料科学、应用物理和电气工程，以及组件（电机、变压器、电感器等）的最终用户与材料和制造社区之间的合作。拟建的amp中心旨在满足未来新一代跨学科劳动力的需求，他们准备好并渴望迎接电气化的广泛采用和电力转换技术的发展所带来的新挑战。amp的主要研究领域包括：(1)用于宽带隙和超宽带隙半导体的新型磁性材料和制造，(2)先进的电机设计概念，(3)磁性元件的新设计和优化技术，(4)宽带隙电力电子转换器和磁性元件之间的相互作用，(5)利用下一代磁性元件实现的先进电力电子转换器拓扑结构，例如多端口功率转换，(6)可调和可变磁技术及其在先进电源转换方案中的应用。计划在站点之间进行强有力的合作，每个机构都具有独特的能力：卡耐基梅隆大学-非晶和纳米晶磁性材料和制造，北卡罗莱纳州立大学-基于宽带隙的半导体电力电子和高速电机控制和测试，匹兹堡大学-基于铁氧体的软磁材料和电磁场辅助的先进制造，组件设计策略，以及磁性/电力电子接口。卡内基梅隆大学将利用非晶和金属非晶纳米复合材料（MANC）的研究专长。CMU站点具有独特的能力：(1)平面流动铸造非晶磁性带（AMR）和(2)退火和/或应变退火以生产MANC带和浸渍芯。(3) CMU拥有广泛的磁性表征设备（SQUID、PPMS、振动样品和交流磁强计）；(4)热表征（差示扫描量热法）和(5)结构和微观结构表征（x射线粉末衍射，透射和高分辨率透射电子显微镜（TEM/HRTEM）与电子衍射）。CMU还拥有几个Comsol Multiphysics模块，用于对电感器、变压器和高速电机等设备的磁性、热学和机械性能进行建模。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Trends towards electrification are driving the needs for improved soft magnetic materials that can operate at unprecedented combinations of switching frequencies and power levels, as well as engineered components which are highly power dense yet extremely efficient. These trends are also creating major new economic opportunities for the domestic US, through anticipated growth in electric vehicles, hybrid-electric aircraft, and distributed renewable generation amongst others. The primary emphasis of the proposed Center for Advanced Magnetics for Power and Energy Development (AMPED) will be the critically important area of high-power magnetics and the optimization of interfaces with both established and emerging electrical machine topologies and designs within this application class. Successfully tackling challenges and exploiting these opportunities as a nation and an economy requires interdisciplinary skills spanning materials science, applied physics, and electrical engineering, as well as collaborations between end-users of components (motors, transformers, inductors, etc.) and the materials and manufacturing community. The proposed AMPED center seeks to address this need for a new generation of an interdisciplinary workforce of the future that is prepared and eager to take on the new challenges presented by widespread adoption of electrification and growth in electric power conversion technologies.Primary research thrust areas included within the AMPED portfolio include: (1) new magnetic materials and manufacturing for wide bandgap and ultra-wide bandgap semiconductors, (2) advanced electric machine design concepts, (3) new design and optimization techniques for magnetic components, (4) interactions between wide bandgap power electronics converters and magnetics, (5) advanced power electronics converter topologies enabled by and leveraging next generation magnetics, e.g., multiport power conversion, and (6) tunable and variable magnetics technologies and their applications in advanced power conversion schemes. Strong collaborations between sites are planned, with unique capabilities residing at each institution: Carnegie Mellon University - amorphous and nanocrystalline magnetic materials and manufacturing, North Carolina State University – wide bandgap-based semiconductor power electronics and high-speed motor controls and testing, University of Pittsburgh – ferrite based soft magnetic materials and electromagnetic field assisted advanced manufacturing, component design strategies, and magnetics / power electronics interfaces. Carnegie Mellon University will leverage research expertise in amorphous and metal amorphous nanocomposite (MANC) materials. The CMU site has unique capabilities for (1) Planar flow casting of amorphous magnetic ribbon (AMR) and (2) its annealing and/or strain annealing to produce MANC ribbons and impregnated cores. (3) CMU has extensive facilities for magnetic characterization (SQUID, PPMS and vibrating sample and AC magnetometry); (4) for thermal characterization (Differential scanning calorimetry) and (5) for structural and microstructural characterization (X-ray powder diffraction, Transmission and High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM/HRTEM) with electron diffraction). CMU also has several Comsol Multiphysics modules used for the modeling of magnetic, thermal and mechanical properties of devices including inductors, transformers and high-speed motors.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.