Combining measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background with galaxy clustering to probe the nature of gravity and neutrinos in the universe.

即将进行的星系巡天和宇宙微波背景（CMB）实验将很快以无与伦比的细节产生物质分布和运动的互补3D地图。这提供了一个前所未有的机会来解决天体物理学中一些最基本和最深刻的问题，了解：宇宙加速膨胀的起源，如果爱因斯坦的广义相对论（GR）在宇宙学尺度上崩溃，以及暗物质和中微子的性质。康奈尔大学的科学家们建议扩大区分工具的军械库，涵盖密集（星系团）和欠密集（空隙）环境，其中GR的偏差和中微子质量的影响表现不同。这项建议还将包括一个面向纽约北部学校学生的“课后宇宙”方案，介绍和应用基本的天文学和物理学概念，该项目是专门为充分利用下一代大尺度结构和CMB调查新提供的各种天体物理尺度、示踪剂和环境而设计的。这项研究的产品将包括迄今为止最高的信噪比成对运动学Sunyaev-Zel'dovich（kSZ）测量，通过分析来自Atacama宇宙学望远镜（ACT）的最终CMB地图，结合来自暗能量光谱仪（DESI）的第一年调查数据。这项工作还将使用模拟产生精确的预测对成对kSZ信号和空红移空间失真（RSD）的配置文件，从各种修改后的重力和大质量中微子宇宙学的影响。它将涉及分析工作，以扩展拉格朗日微扰理论和高斯流模型方法，以准确地模拟RSD的相关性，在黑暗的部门理论，测量无效RSD的相关性从DESI年-1数据和宇宙学的约束。最后，该项目包括理论工作，以调查从维拉鲁宾天文台的空间和时间的遗产调查和/或CMB透镜观测，和DESI RSD测量相结合的弱透镜数据的潜力，为了打破退化和揭示空隙中暗区的独特特征。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

Upcoming galaxy surveys and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments will shortly produce complementary 3D maps of the distribution and motion of matter in unparalleled detail. This presents an unprecedented opportunity to address some of the most fundamental and profound questions in astrophysics, to understand: the origins of the cosmos’ accelerating expansion, if Einstein’s general theory of relativity (GR) breaks down on cosmological scales, and the nature of dark matter and neutrinos. Scientists at Cornell University propose to expand the armory of discriminating tools spanning both dense (clusters of galaxies) and under-dense (void) environments in which deviations from GR and the effects of neutrino masses manifest differently. This proposal will also include an “Afterschool Universe” program for school students in upstate New York that introduces and applies basic astronomical and physics concepts.This project is tailored to fully utilize the range of astrophysical scales, tracers and environments made newly accessible by the next generation large scale structure and CMB surveys. Products from this research will include the highest signal-to-noise pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (kSZ) measurements to-date by analyzing the final CMB maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) combined with Year-1 survey data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). The work will also use simulations to yield accurate predictions of the effects on the pairwise kSZ signal and void redshift space distortion (RSD) profile, from a variety of modified gravity and massive neutrino cosmologies. It will involve analytic work to extend Lagrangian perturbation theory and Gaussian streaming model approaches to accurately model RSD correlations in dark sector theories, the measurement of void RSD correlations from the DESI Year-1 data and cosmological constraints from them. Finally, this project includes theoretical work to investigate the potential of combining weak lensing data from the Vera Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time and/or CMB lensing observations, and DESI RSD measurements, in order to break degeneracies and reveal distinctive signatures of the dark sector in voids.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.