LEAPS-MPS: Dynamics of Quantum Information in Strongly Interacting Many-Body Systems

了解量子信息是如何在许多相互作用的组件中传播的，以及如何控制它来制造改进的量子设备是一个重要的挑战。拥有一组量子粒子的系统可以为高效计算提供强大的资源，并实现不同于单个组件的性质。然而，这种量子力学效应对系统缺陷和环境扰动通常是脆弱的，而且很难驾驭。这项研究旨在通过开发新的协议来解决这一挑战，以了解与目前的量子平台相关的系统中的动力学过程，并利用原子物理和量子信息科学的最新进展，发现对这些环境影响强大的新型多体现象。除了这些研究目标，该项目还将实施一系列多样化的教育和推广活动，以培养和招收研究生、本科生和高中生，提高他们的量子科学素养，并为他们成为下一代科技劳动力做好准备。在过去的几十年里，在构建可控量子平台方面取得了显著进展，例如使用冷原子和离子的量子平台。这些平台为研究超出平衡的复杂量子系统提供了令人兴奋的机会，在平衡情况下，纠缠和关联的动力学在很大程度上仍然知之甚少。这个项目试图解决有关多体系统中量子信息动力学的基本问题，并探索新的动力学行为类别。为此，这项研究项目将包括两个相互关联的推动力。第一个推力将研究由与冷原子平台相关的不可积晶格哈密顿量描述的自旋系综中量子关联的增长。这部分研究将定量分析各种几何形状的一元多体动力学，并针对在当前使用冷原子的实验中可以实现的实用程序。第二个重点将集中在受环境影响的系统上，通过研究具有非么正测量操作的量子电路。这一部分的研究将结合分析工具和最先进的数值计算来表征不同的动力学相和产生的纠缠结构。这些研究方向可以进一步为有效引导多体系统进入抗噪声的量子关联态提供指导。该项目由物理部和既定的激励竞争研究计划(EPSCoR)共同资助。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Understanding how quantum information propagates across many interacting components and how to control it to make improved quantum devices is an important challenge. Systems with a collection of quantum particles can provide powerful resources for efficient computation and enable properties distinct from individual components. However, such quantum mechanical effects are usually fragile to system imperfections and environmental perturbations and are challenging to harness. This research aims to address the challenge through developing new protocols to understand the dynamical process in systems relevant to present quantum platforms and uncover new types of many-body phenomena robust to these environmental effects, leveraging recent advances in atomic physics and quantum information science. Alongside these research goals, this project will implement a diverse set of education and outreach activities to train and recruit graduate, undergraduate, and high school students, increasing their literacy in quantum science and preparing them as the next generation workforce in science and technology. The past decades have witnessed remarkable progress in building controllable quantum platforms, such as those using cold atoms and ions. These platforms open exciting opportunities to examine complex quantum systems beyond equilibrium, where the dynamics of entanglement and correlations remain largely poorly understood. This project seeks to address fundamental questions regarding the dynamics of quantum information in many-body systems and to explore new classes of dynamical behaviors. To this end, this research project will include two intercorrelated thrusts. The first thrust will investigate the growth of quantum correlations in spin ensembles described by nonintegrable lattice Hamiltonians relevant to cold-atom platforms. This part of study will quantitatively analyze the unitary many-body dynamics in various geometries and target practical procedures that can be realized in current experiments using cold atoms. The second thrust will focus on systems subject to environmental effects, through investigating quantum circuits with nonunitary measurement operations. This part of the study will employ a combination of analytical tools and state-of-the-art numerical calculations to characterize the different dynamical phases and entanglement structures generated. These research directions can further provide guidance for efficiently steering many-body systems into quantum correlated states against noises. This project is jointly funded by the Physics Division and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.