RAPID: Managed Groundwater Recharge (MAR) in a year of exceptional precipitation: Evaluating the impact of dry-well versus on-farm recharge on water quality

地下水是一种重要的资源，为地球上25亿人提供饮用水，约占灌溉用水的43%。过去几十年来，许多区域的地下水资源严重枯竭。地下水日益枯竭促使人们有意用过量的地表水补充地下含水层。有意识的地下水补给，也称为管理含水层补给（MAR），有许多好处。它可以增加地下水储存，减少地面沉降，减轻洪水风险，阻止海水入侵，帮助调节旱季的水流和水温，并提高整体水安全。本研究将调查地下水质量的差异，两个MAR战略，用于引入地表洪水到地下水系统在两个并排的位置在中央谷加州。他们的研究结果将有助于未来实施有意识的地下水补给战略，改善社区的地下水质量。在加州异常潮湿的一年，积雪和降雨量超过正常降水量的300%，导致大范围的洪水，研究人员将研究使用洪水补给含水层的影响，在两个地点进行两种不同的MAR战略，对地下水的质量。MAR策略是干井注入和农田地面驱油。研究人员将调查人为和地质污染物的发生，分布和浓度变化，如硝酸盐，砷，铀，铬，其他农药和大肠菌群指标。调查人员将量化从每种补给策略释放到地下水的污染物，并评估污染物动员过程与影响动员的水文地球化学条件之间的联系。这项研究的结果将提高对不同管理含水层补给策略影响的了解，并为未来水管理实践的补给过程中处理和减排方案的未来发展提供信息。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Groundwater is a vital resource that provides drinking water to 2.5 billion people on earth and accounts for about 43% of the water used for irrigation. Many regions have experienced significant depletion in groundwater resources over the last decades. Increased groundwater depletion has motivated the intentional recharge of groundwater aquifers with excess surface water. Intentional groundwater recharge, also called managed aquifer recharge (MAR) has many benefits. It can increase groundwater storage, decrease land subsidence, mitigate flood risk, starve-off sea water intrusion, help regulate streamflow and stream temperature during dry seasons, and improve overall water security. This research will investigate the difference in groundwater quality between two MAR strategies that are used to introduce surface floodwaters into the groundwater system at two side-by-site locations in Central Valley California. Their findings will future implementation of intentional groundwater recharge strategies that improve groundwater quality for communities. Following the exceptionally wet year in California that recorded over 300% of its normal precipitation in snowpack and rainfall, resulting in widespread flooding, researchers will study the effect of using the floodwater to recharge aquifers, at two sites undergoing two different MAR strategies, on the quality of groundwater. The MAR strategies are drywells injection and surface flooding of farm fields. The researchers will investigate the occurrence, distribution, and changes in the concentrations of anthropogenic and geogenic contaminants such as nitrate, arsenic, uranium, chromium, other pesticides, and indicators of coliform bacteria. Investigators will quantify the release of contaminants to groundwater from each recharge strategy and assess the links between contaminant mobilization processes to hydrogeochemical conditions that affect the mobilization. The findings from this research will improve understanding of the effect of different managed aquifer recharge strategies and inform the future development of treatment and abatement options during the recharge process for future water management practices.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.