FOR 2284: Model-based scalable gas-phase synthesis of complex nanoparticles

基于无机纳米粒子的功能材料具有很大的应用潜力.除了化学成分的纯粹变化之外，结构尺寸为创造不寻常的材料特性开辟了新的维度。高效的能量存储材料、不含贵金属的催化剂、高效的半导体光吸收体和发射体，或用于医疗诊断的生物相容性材料，只是无机纳米材料应用范围的几个例子。除了合成过程中初级粒子的组成外，二级和三级结构的形态决定了材料的实际应用能力。为了影响和利用这些基于结构的性质，高度特异性的合成路线是必要的。在初级纳米颗粒的基础上，这有助于结构尺寸、形态和结构定义的材料组合的选择性和可再现的调整。为了能够以工业相关的数量生产具有适当特性的纳米材料，还必须确保工艺的可扩展性，这是气相合成特别适合的。这就是研究单位的愿景发挥作用的地方。基于对前体化学、颗粒形成、颗粒间相互作用和原位功能化的基本步骤的理解，开发并演示了合成过程和反应器的设计规则。这使得有针对性的合成，修改，并在气相纳米粒子的结构。两种材料系统作为一个例子-铁和氧化铁纳米颗粒和结构化硅颗粒和纳米复合材料的基础上进行检查。由于研究单元的重点是分析，建模和模拟的结合，材料和工艺的复杂性增加，依次进行研究。因此，在每一个中间阶段，反馈与实验和验证的模拟和设计rulescan确保。该项目开辟了新材料变化的生产线，并旨在开发可扩展的工艺和基于研究的，经过验证的模拟方法。这些是可靠使用高度特异性功能纳米粒子集合体及其工业应用的重要基础。

Functional materials based on inorganic nanoparticles have a greatapplication potential. Beyond the pure variation of the chemicalcomposition, the structure size opens new dimensions for the creationof unusual materials properties. Highly potent energy storagematerials, noble metal free catalysts, efficient semiconducting lightabsorbers and emitters, or biocompatible materials for medicaldiagnostics are just a few examples of the range of applications ofinorganic nanomaterials. Apart from the composition of the resultingprimary particles in the synthesis process, the morphology ofsecondary and tertiary structures determines the practical applicabilityof the materials. In order to influence and utilize these structure-basedproperties, highly specific synthesis routes are imperative. On thebasis of the primary nanoparticles, this facilitates the selective andreproducible adjustment of structure size, morphology, andstructurally defined materials combinations. To be able to producenanomaterials with the appropriate characteristics in industriallyrelevant quantities, the scalability of the processes must also beensured, and this is something for which the gas-phase synthesis isparticularly suitable. This is where the vision of the Research Unittakes effect. Based on the understanding of the elementary steps ofprecursor chemistry, particle formation, particle-particle interaction,and in situ functionalization, design rules for synthesis processes andreactors are developed and demonstrated. These enable a targetedsynthesis, modification, and structuring of nanoparticles in the gasphase. Two materials systems are examined as an example –composites based on iron and iron oxide nanoparticles and structuredsilicon particles and nanocomposites. As the focus of the ResearchUnit is on the combination of analysis, modeling, and simulation,materials and processes are sequentially investigated with anincrease in complexity. Thus, at every intermediate stage, feedbackwith the experiment and validation of the simulations and design rulescan be ensured. The project opens up the producibility of newmaterial variations as well as being aimed at the development ofscalable processes and research-based, validated simulationmethods. These are essential foundations for a reliable use of highlyspecific functional nanoparticle ensembles and their industrialapplication.