The colonization of the northern Badia (North-eastern Jordan) in the Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age (4th -3rd mill. BC). A contribution to archaeological settlement geography in arid regions of Southwest Asia

在之前的研究项目“公元前5至3千年早期的干旱栖息地：巴迪亚北部（约旦东北部）的移动生存、通信和关键资源利用”（2010-2014）中，在巴迪亚北部（约旦东北部）的玄武岩沙漠中发现了两个铜器时代/早期青铜时代（C/EBA）的丘陵遗址。这一发现强调了该地区不仅仅是集约化和多样化经济利用的目标。这些定居点表明，这个地区适合定居的社区，他们一年四季都住在他们的定居点里。由于这些结果，“晚期铜器时代和早期青铜器时代（公元前4至3千年）北巴迪亚（东约旦）的殖民化：对西南亚干旱地区考古定居地理的贡献”项目开始了，重点关注玄武岩沙漠的殖民化，最初的目标是两个已确定的丘陵遗址及其邻近地区。在项目进行过程中，在卫星图像上发现了除了几个未设防的C/EBA定居点之外的另外两个丘陵地点。这些发现改变了先前的研究策略，即关注整个玄武岩沙漠及其不同的定居点。到目前为止，四个山堡遗址中的三个已经被绘制、记录和确定了年代。到目前为止，第四个希尔福特遗址只进行了非常简短的调查。玄武岩沙漠中C/EBA定居点的数量和密度提出了几个研究问题，然而，这些问题首先需要完成地形和年代方面的工作。这些任务的很大一部分已经完成；然而，为了达到上述研究目标，额外的实地考察季节是必要的，包括考察前的准备时间以及随后的数据管理时间。计划的任务是对第四座山（Qasr Usseikhim）进行测绘和记录，迄今为止只进行了简短的调查。这将使该地区丘陵遗址的时间类型比较成为可能。另一项任务是编制C/EBA在玄武岩沙漠殖民的年代区分图。这张地图的地形基础已经存在，包括已确定的山岗遗址和未设防的两侧。它只需要用来自Qasr Usseikhim的放射性碳数据和来自未设防定居点的样本来完成。因此，计划的实地调查季节侧重于在Qasr Usseikhim和一些未设防地点的住宅结构中进行探测，以产生放射性碳数据。

During the previous research project “Arid habitats in the 5th to the early 3rd millennium B.C.: mobile subsistence, communication and key resource use in the Northern Badia (NE-Jordan)” (2010-2014) two Chalcolithic / Early Bronze Age (C/EBA) hillfort sites were identified in the basalt desert in the northern Badia (NE-Jordan). This discovery emphasizes that this region was more than just the target of an intensive and manifold economic utilization. The settlements show that this region was suitable for sedentary communities, staying all year round in their settlements. Due to these results the project “The colonization of the Northern Badia (NE-Jordan) in the Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age (4th to 3rd millennium BC): a contribution to archaeological settlement geography in the arid regions of Southwest Asia” was initiated, focusing on the colonization of the basalt desert and which originally targeted the two identified hillfort sites and their direct vicinity.During the course of the project, two additional hillfort sites in addition to several unfortified C/EBA settlements were discovered on satellite images. These discoveries caused an alteration of the previous research strategy towards focusing on the entire basalt desert and its diverse locations of settlements.To date, three of the four hillfort sites have been mapped, documented and dated. The fourth hillfort site was so far only very briefly surveyed.The number and density of C/EBA settlements in the basalt desert raises several research questions, which, however, first require topographic and chronological work to be completed.A substantial part of these tasks has already been finished; however, an additional fieldwork season, including preparation time prior to the expedition as well as subsequent time for data management, is necessary in order to reach the above stated research aims.The planned tasks are mapping and documentation of the fourth hillfort (Qasr Usseikhim), to date only briefly investigated. This would enable a chrono-typological comparison of the hillfort sites of the region. An additional task is the compilation of a chronologically differentiated map of the C/EBA colonization of the basalt desert. The topographic foundation of this map already exists with the identified hillfort sites and unfortified sides. It needs only to be completed with radiocarbon data from Qasr Usseikhim and from a sample of unfortified settlements. The planned fieldwork season therefore focuses on soundings in dwelling structures at Qasr Usseikhim and some unfortified sites, to generate radiocarbon data.